Volume 12 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

The project aims to predict water quality based on nine factors: pH, hardness, solids, chloramines, sulfates, conductivity, organic carbon, trihalomethanes and turbidity. It estimates water by separating it into drinkable and non-drinkable water. If the water is deemed undrinkable, further evaluation will determine whether the water is suitable for agricultural or commercial use. This project uses Python and Flask for front-end integration and Jupyter Notebook for modeling. The random forest algorithm was validated after comparison with SVM, logistic regression, and decision tree algorithms, which proved to be more accurate. The user interface includes a home page with a set of parameters and a parameter value map. Additionally, PDF reports allow direct parsing of parameter values from uploaded files. Once the product is delivered, the model predicts water quality and provides results indicating potential or recommended use.

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 Keywords

Water quality, potable and non-potable, python, random forest, accuracy, crucial parameters.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The report looks at the development of communication skills and content creation by examining practices such as email composing, content writing, grammar correction, and translation. It demonstrates capabilities to improve competitive performance and accuracy using advanced machine learning algorithms and language processing techniques. Motivations driving AI development include the need to improve processes and increase productivity, as well as challenges such as integrity and ethics. Additionally, the report highlights the role of AI in shaping the future of communication and content creation by helping experts create content that is good and adapted to digital needs. Finally, it aims to provide an overview of the potential of artificial intelligence to support significant advances in these fields.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI Tools, Flutter Mobile App, Development Email Generator, Summary Writer ,Grammar Correction ,Translation, Natural Language Processing (NLP) Machine Learning ,Artificial Intelligence Integration, User Interface (UI), User Experience (UX) ,Mobile Application ,Cross-Platform Development ,Automated Content Generation, Language Translation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

plastic contamination is terrible issue nowadays. The oceans are flooded with plastic waste, which even cause it's entering into our food chain. Such bottles are constructed from high density plastics that are typically, bottles used to store liquid such as water, soft drinks, motor oil, cooking oil, medicine, shampoo, milk and ink. they are non-biodegradable and improper disposal of such products will definitely have a huge impact on our environment. Advances in technologies and system for collection, sorting and reprocessing of non recyclable plastics are creating new opportunities for converting such bottles into useful products. This work is an attempt to figure out solution to the disposal of plastic bottles that are usually dumbed into open environment. Bottles that are commonly arrive at disposal sites Poly Ethelyne Terephthalate (PET). We can PET bottles cut into strips, twisted and heated into a rope using an automated machine which consist of a cutting unit, temporary plastic strip storage unit and strip joining unit. This is not only solving the ill effects caused by disposal plastic bottles but also helps our society move towards sustainability. for this use of numerical solutions has been wide spread in a many engineering fields and related areas. One of the main numerical methods used in modeling and simulations is the finite element method (FEM). As result, it is expected greater FEM dissemination in rope making machine for analysis can be used in simulate how entire structure or system behaves and used in order to represent the increasing behavior of rope making machinery.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords:- Plastic, non-biodegradable, recycle, analysis, plastic bottles, disposal, environment, PET bottles, rope, FEM.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents an in-depth exploration of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), covering their hardware and software components, programming languages, advanced techniques, and applications across industries. It begins with an overview of PLC technology, discussing its historical background and fundamental principles. The paper examines PLC hardware, including architecture and I/O modules, and software aspects, such as programming languages like Ladder Logic and Structured Text. Additionally, advanced PLC programming concepts are explored, including modular programming, error handling, and integration with other systems. Recent trends like IoT integration, edge computing, and enhanced HMIs are discussed, along with challenges such as cybersecurity threats and skill shortages. The paper concludes with insights into the future directions of PLC technology, emphasising the importance of addressing current challenges and embracing emerging trends. This paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and students in the field of industrial automation and control systems, offering comprehensive insights into the evolving landscape of PLC technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

PLC, Industrial Automation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Breast cancer, a complex disease driven by environmental, behavioral, and genetic factors, remains a significant health challenge. Carcinogenesis in breast cancer involves processes such as evasion of apoptosis, limitless proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, resistance to anti-growth signals, and metastasis. Early detection and effective management are critical for improving survival rates, which vary significantly between high-income and low-income countries. Pathophysiology encompasses genetic and molecular alterations, including mutations in key pathways (P13K/AKT, RAS/MEK/ERK) and abnormal growth factor signaling, leading to uncontrolled cell division and tumor progression. Diagnosis employs techniques such as mammography, MRI, ultrasonography, and biopsies, with mammography being the most prevalent screening method. Risk factors include age, hormonal status, reproductive history, diet, and genetic predispositions. Treatment strategies for non-metastatic breast cancer combine local (surgery, radiation) and systemic therapies (hormonal, chemotherapy, targeted therapies), tailored to tumor subtypes. Advances in systemic therapies, particularly for triple-negative breast cancer, include PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy. Non-coding RNAs also play a crucial role in cancer progression and treatment response. Recent therapeutic advancements emphasize personalized approaches, genomic testing, and fertility preservation for young patients. The integration of multidisciplinary care and ongoing research into targeted and supportive therapies, such as bisphosphonates for bone metastasis, underscores the dynamic and evolving landscape of breast cancer treatment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Breast cancer, Screening methods, Genetic mutations, Treatment strategies, Triple-negative breast cancer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Around 3oo million individuals in the world suffer from osteoporosis, a condition where bones become weak and prone to fractures due to low bone density and poor bone structure. Fractures related to osteoporosis can lead to increased pain, disability, healthcare costs, and even mortality. Diagnosis typically involves measuring bone mineral density using a noninvasive technique called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A systematic review was conducted to know the impact of osteogenic coatings on implant integration in osteoporotic condition.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Osteoporosis, implant, prosthodontics, bone loss, Dentistry, Bisphosphonates ,bone mineral density

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Because of its reliance on human sight, glaucoma presents significant diagnostic challenges and is the primary cause of irreversible blindness globally. However, recent breakthroughs in deep learning have demonstrated promise for automated review. In this study, we examine current research of the use of retina, corneal optical coherence tomographic imaging, & visual field image in AI-based glaucoma being diagnosed, with a particular emphasis on deep learning approaches. To increase the technique's repeatability, we propose a redesigned taxonomy that categorises it into structural paradigms and connects to accessible source code. We identify shortcomings in performance related to multimodal integration, generalizability, and uncertainty estimates by doing thorough benchmarking on publicly available datasets. Furthermore, our study highlights issues including bias, labelling discrepancies, and size while curating important datasets. We present open research questions and suggest fruitful avenues for further investigation. It is anticipated that this survey will be helpful for ophthalmologists looking to enhance clinical processes and diagnosis utilising the most recent AI outcomes, as well as AI researchers looking to convert breakthroughs into practice.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Deep learning, fundus pictures, glaucoma, and early diagnosis are the index terms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This work describes the use of PLC control and SCADA technology to automate a bottle filling system. The objective of the developed system is to facilitate the process of filling a bottle with liquid substances in manufacturing plants using a controlled process rather than manual operation, which enhances performance, precision and consistency. The PLC is the primary system component, and the sensors and actuators work in conjunction with it to ensure compliance with certain levels and standards for the filling process. The SCADA also provides a means of remotely monitoring and controlling the system, supporting alarms and records, and data acquisition and display. The integration of PLC and SCADA offers a comprehensive solution for bottle filling applications, enhancing productivity and quality while reducing human intervention. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed system in industrial environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bottle filling system, PLC, SCADA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the influence of differentiated landscape management on the distribution on abundance of butterfly species. The objective of this study were to asses butterfly communities and to determine the influence of disturbance on butterfly individuals, species richness and composition with in four SGPGI Campus management Area ( A1 Entry Area, A2 Road side Area, A3 Hospital Area ).The survey is conducted between February 2024 to May, 2024 using Photographs and direct seen and observed. The pattern of butterfly abundance and species richness are studied in study areas at SGPGI Campus Lucknow. A total 18 butterfly species found which is belonging to Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae and Nymphlidae families were recorded at the 4 areas( Biotopes ).However the SGPGI Campus which surrounded by the Anthropogenic activities are due to this human activities butterfly diversity abundance are badly ffected. Therefore it's important to protect habitat and dry season water for the conservation of butterflies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Butterflies, SGPGI Campus Sites, Diversity, Abundance, Environment, Habitat, Human activities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study aims to optimize the mechanical properties of 3D printed ABS components through the manipulation of infill patterns, densities, and layer thickness. ABS material was specifically chosen for its superior mechanical properties when compared to standard materials such as PLA and Nylon 6. By investigating various infill patterns (line, triangle, concentric), infill densities (75%, 80%, 85%), and layer thicknesses (0.1 mm, 0.2 mm), a total of 18 experimental conditions were examined, each replicated for tensile and compression tests following ASTM D638 and ASTM D695 standards, respectively. The experimental setup involved the utilization of a Robust Enough 3D printer and Simplify 3D software for precise slicing and printing. The study's outcomes provide valuable insights into optimizing the design and manufacturing processes of 3D printed ABS components, thereby contributing to advancements in additive manufacturing technology. Through a systematic exploration of these key process parameters, this research enhances the understanding of how infill patterns, densities, and layer thickness impact the mechanical performance of 3D printed ABS objects.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ABS, FDM, FEA, Additive manufacturing, Tensile strength, Compression strength.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition