Volume 12 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a range of physical, psychological, emotional, and mood changes that typically occur following ovulation in women. Globally, approximately 47.8% of girls in the reproductive age group experience PMS, with the highest occurrence observed in developed nations.1 Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge regarding PMS among adolescent girls and also to determine the association of knowledge with selected demographic variables among adolescent girls at selected schools, Punjab, India. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach employing a descriptive research design was utilized in this study. A sample of 180 adolescent girls was selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, employing a nonprobability purposive sampling technique from selected schools in Punjab. Data was collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The obtained data was then tabulated and analyzed according to the study's objectives using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings revealed that majority of the adolescent girls (71.11%) had poor and (17.78%) had average knowledge level regarding PMS. A smaller portion of 11.11% demonstrated good knowledge, while none of the participants achieved an excellent level of knowledge regarding PMS. Overall adolescent girls were having average mean knowledge score. There was significant association of level of knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PMS with age and family history of PMS as statistically analyzed by ?2 value (25.76, P<0.05) and (32.53, P<0.05) respectively at 0.05 level of significance among adolescent girls.

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 Keywords

Premenstrual Syndrome, knowledge, adolescent girls, schools

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The right to education is a fundamental human right that is recognized and enshrined in various international human rights treaties and agreements. In India, the right to education has been enshrined as a fundamental right for children under the age of 14 through the 86th Amendment to the Constitution in 2002. Objective of the research is that the right to education enshrined for children in India. The research method followed here by the researcher is empirical research. The total number of samples is 200. From 200 people the researcher has got the data.Convenient sampling method is used to collect the samples. Major findings of the research is that the right to education is a fundamental right. The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of 6 to 14 years. The importance of education in the lives of the children at present. Implementing laws compelling in the state. The quality of free education is good provided to the children. There are many children who are beneficiaries to this scheme of the state. The fact that the private unaided schools had 25% of the total strength of the RTE quota. Every child in need of education does not have access to free and compulsory education. The major barriers that prevent children from realising their right to education are poverty, inadequate infrastructure, discrimination, cultural attitudes and disability. The measures taken by the government for the education of the children are satisfied. The enshrinement of the right to education as a fundamental right for children in India is a crucial step towards ensuring that every child has access to quality education. The aim of the research is to study the right to education enshrined for children in India.

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 Keywords

Education, Children, Discrimination, Quality Education and Fundamental Right.

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Mouth ulcers are a common, painful condition that can have a detrimental effect on one's quality of life. The creation of novel treatments derived from natural sources, such as plant extracts and phytochemicals, is gaining popularity. One such plant that has shown promise for therapeutic effects but has not received enough attention is Acmella ulignosa. The current status of research on Acmella ulignosa is outlined in this review, along with an assessment of the plant's potential for use as an integrative medicine to treat mouth ulcers. The goal of future studies should be to clarify the pharmacological processes by which products derived from Acmella ulignosa provide anti-mouth ulcer therapeutic benefits. In summary, Acmella ulignosa exhibits early promise as a novel therapeutic agent for a prevalent chronic illness that requires enhanced integrative medical solutions with negligible side effects.

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Mouth ulcer, Acmella ulignosa, Extraction, TLC, Photoluminance study

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The issue of heavy metals in India due to industrial waste sludge stems from the inadequate management of toxic industrial byproducts. Rapid industrialization generates waste containing heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and mercury, which are often improperly disposed of in open dumps or water bodies. This study encompasses the industrial waste sludge collected from common effluent treatment plant at Kurkumbh MIDC in Pune, to examine presence of heavy metals in the sludge sample and further carry out the process of bioleaching. This study aims to assess the efficiency of microorganisms in removing heavy metals through bioleaching. The metals present in the sludge are Zinc, Copper, and Iron. Following the bioleaching process for 14 days, the total extraction percentages of these heavy metals were determined to be 84.33% for Zinc, 71.03% for Copper, and 25.04% for Iron. In conclusion, bioleaching stands as a promising technology for the removal of heavy metals from industrial waste sludge, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to mitigate the detrimental effects of heavy metal contamination on our environment and public health.

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 Keywords

CETP sludge, Heavy metal removal, Aspergillus niger, Bioleaching.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bridge Monitoring

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The "Personalized Learning System" introduces a groundbreaking approach to education, merging advanced LLM techniques with interactive web technology to enrich the learning journey for students. By enabling users to input textbooks and syllabus details, the system generates customized summaries, quizzes, and answer keys tailored to individual learning requirements. Utilizing cutting-edge LLM models and implemented through the Streamlit framework, it delivers intuitive interfaces for seamless interaction. Through real-time feedback mechanisms and adaptive learning pathways, the "Personalized Learning System" empowers students to interact with educational materials dynamically, promoting deeper understanding and retention. This innovative project signifies a significant shift in traditional teaching paradigms, heralding a new era of personalized and effective learning experiences globally. By leveraging technology to cater to individual learning styles, it holds the potential to revolutionize educational practices and provide students with tailored support for optimal academic achievement.

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LLM, Streamlit, Summary generation, Quizzes, Answer Key Generation

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Green chemistry aims to design chemical products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. It promotes sustainability by reducing pollution, conserving resources, and enhancing efficiency. Catalysis plays a crucial role in green chemistry by enabling cleaner and more efficient chemical transformations. Catalytic processes accelerate reactions, reduce energy consumption, and minimize waste generation by promoting selective and mild conditions. This abstract highlights the importance of integrating green chemistry principles with catalysis to develop environmentally benign chemical technologies for a sustainable future

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Green chemistry, Atom economy , Catalytic processes , Role of catalysis, hazardous substance .

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Dickens' early novels are replete with pictures of a squalid London life with its dingy lanes, shabby marketplaces and choking workhouses, which together put up a veritable spectacle of suffering. They mirror forth the drawbacks of a utilitarian society and the failure of the Poor Law in saving the orphans and castaways from going astray or turning into hapless preys to criminal gangs. What emerges from these novels is the sense of an unbridgeable socio-economic hiatus existing between the solvent moneyed class and the people belonging to the lowest rung of society, people who were considered beyond redemption. Oliver Twist very subtly seeks to explode this myth by allowing Nancy, a lowly and apparently insignificant character as well as a member of the so-called criminal community, play a pivotal role in disrupting the stasis in the existing socio-economic order. Gifted with humaneness rare in a woman of her status and possessed with an improbable desire to break free from bondage, she betrays her community and extends a narrative that runs counter to the ostensible motif of the novel. This paper seeks to explore Nancy's role in dismantling the conventional social mores by problematising the term 'criminality' in the context of the 19th Century.

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Ambivalence, Community, Existential, Melodramatic, Humaneness, Discourse, Criminality, Otherness, Transgression

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Abstract: The present study focuses the financial literacy of rural and urban areas women in Erode district. In the volatile economy, financial literacy is very important role in every individuals life especially women. The low level of financial literacy cannot be able to know about the financial services provided by bank. This study reveals that with sample size of 40, rural and urban area women are how they financially strong and discriminated rural and urban women who mostly aware in traditional financial products. In this survey used primary and secondary data. The statistical tools used like percentage analysis, descriptive analysis and ANOVA.

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Key words: Financial literacy, Financial services, Traditional products, rural and urban peoples.

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Mouthwash is a water-based solution widely used for its deodorizing, refreshing, and antiseptic properties in maintaining oral hygiene. It aids in controlling plaque accumulation, a sticky amalgamation of bacteria and food particles on teeth. Oral hygiene practices encompass toothbrushing, interdental cleaners, and therapeutic agents such as mouthwash, toothpaste, and chewing gum. Mouthwashes aim to reduce microbial presence in the mouth and may comprise alcohol, glycerin, artificial sweeteners, surfactants, flavorings, and colorings. Herbal remedies have gained popularity for managing dental plaque and gum inflammation, complementing brushing and flossing. While mouthwash may have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, or antifungal effects, fluoride-containing rinses are commonly used at home to prevent tooth decay. Nevertheless, it is widely acknowledged that mouthwash does not replace the need for brushing and flossing. Mouthwashes fulfill two roles: as part of routine oral care at home and for their antibacterial properties. Pre- and post-oral surgical procedures typically involve prophylactic measures. Natural herbs like spinach, neem, and tulsi have been clinically demonstrated to be safe and effective in addressing oral health concerns such as gum bleeding, bad breath, mouth sores, and decay prevention, either singly or in combination.

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 Keywords

herbal mouthwash, combination cream, herbal ingredients

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition