Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, necessitates the identification of effective antiviral agents targeting key viral proteins. This study employed a computational approach to identify potential inhibitors from phytochemicals derived from Piper longum against the SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein, implicated in immune evasion. Phylogenetic analysis using MEGA11 was conducted on major spike protein variants to select an evolutionarily conserved viral protein, leading to the choice of ORF8 (PDB ID: 8CSA) for molecular docking. Fifty bioactive compounds from Piper longum were retrieved from PubChem and prepared for docking through format conversion. Drug-likeness was evaluated using Lipinski's Rule of Five via the SCFBio Drug Design Server, and toxicity profiles were predicted with pkCSM to ensure favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular docking simulations were performed in ArgusLab, focusing on binding affinities and interaction profiles with the ORF8 protein. The methodology integrates phylogenetics, drug-likeness screening, and docking to systematically identify promising phytochemicals as potential antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. Preliminary results revealed that several plant-based compounds exhibited strong binding affinities towards critical residues of the ORF8 active site. This in silico investigation supports the rationale for utilizing natural compounds in drug discovery pipelines and highlights the ORF8 protein as a novel antiviral target in combating COVID-19. Future studies will involve pharmacokinetic profiling and molecular dynamics simulations to validate the stability and drug-likeness of the top-ranking ligands.

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 Keywords

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, ORF8 protein, molecular docking, natural compounds, antiviral phytochemicals, drug discovery, in silico analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper represents the design and analysis of a high-speed Phase Frequency Detector (PFD) working at 2GHz, a component in phase-locked loops (PLLs) used for high frequency bandwidth and synchronization. During simulations, important design factors such as logic gates, delays, reset methods and power usage are examined. The performance is evaluated under various input conditions to check the circuit's reliability and efficiency at GHz frequencies, making it suitable for high-speed communication and processor systems. PFD reduces jitter effect on PLL and enhances the performance of PLL by increasing the locking range and reducing the power consumption. The design is implemented using CMOS technology, ensuring compatibility with modern integrated circuit fabrication processes for compact and power-efficient integration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

PFD, PLL CMOS Logics and Rise time, Fall time, Jitter and frequency

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 Abstract

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 Keywords

Disasters, Environmental fragility, Greenhouse emissions, environment, Disaster Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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 Keywords

Rice husk ash, Sodium silicate, Sustainable production, Waste utilization, Cost-effective approach.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project presents the design and implementation of an Intelligent Wireless Hand-Motion Controlled 5-DOF Robotic Arm that replicates human hand movements to perform tasks with high precision and efficiency. The system features a glove-based motion tracking mechanism embedded with flex sensors, which detect finger and wrist movements and wirelessly transmit the data to control five servo motors on the robotic arm. These motors provide five degrees of freedom, enabling smooth, flexible, and accurate articulation. To optimize the design and functionality before physical prototyping, the robotic arm was first modeled and simulated using CATIA. The simulation environment enabled detailed analysis of kinematics, range of motion, load-bearing capacity, and structural integrity. Virtual tests were conducted to ensure accurate joint movements, proper alignment with human gestures, and effective transmission of control signals. These simulations played a vital role in refining the mechanical design and minimizing potential errors during real-world operation. The wireless communication system enhances user mobility and allows for remote operation, making the robotic arm suitable for a wide range of applications including industrial automation, medical assistance, and hazardous environment handling. Additionally, the system supports the simultaneous control of multiple robotic arms, improving task efficiency and reducing manual labour. By combining sensor-based gesture recognition with wireless control and validated simulations in CATIA, this project demonstrates a cost-effective, scalable, and user-friendly solution that advances human-machine interaction for modern industrial and assistive technologies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Degree of Freedom (DOF), Robotic Arm, CATIA, Arduino.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing frequency of hospital readmissions following surgical interventions presents a pressing issue for healthcare systems worldwide. These readmissions not only jeopardize patient health outcomes by exposing individuals to further complications, but they also exert significant financial and operational pressures on healthcare institutions. The underlying causes of these readmissions are often multifactorial, ranging from inadequate post-discharge care and poor medication adherence to socioeconomic and demographic disparities. Recognizing this complexity, the present research seeks to dissect comprehensive healthcare datasets to pinpoint the most influential factors contributing to readmissions, with a focused analysis on gaps in follow-up care and specific demographic patterns.

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 Keywords

Voice-enabled interface,Remote patient engagement,Mobile health technology,Innovation & Design Focus,Socioeconomic disparities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Firefighting is an inherently hazardous occupation, with numerous incidents each year resulting in injuries and fatalities among fire service personnel. To mitigate these risks and enhance operational efficiency, this paper presents the design and development of an IoT-Based Firefighting Robot that integrates autonomous fire detection and suppression capabilities with remote control via Bluetooth communication. The system leverages Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for real-time monitoring and control, enabling the robot to navigate hazardous environments and extinguish fires autonomously or under manual operator control when required. Equipped with flame sensors for fire detection, a fire extinguishing mechanism, and Bluetooth-based communication, the robot can be operated from a safe distance using an Android application, allowing precise intervention in critical situations. This hybrid approach combines the strengths of autonomous decision-making with human supervision, offering enhanced flexibility and safety in firefighting operations. The system is particularly suited for industrial settings and environments where the risk of accidental fires is high, enabling rapid response while minimizing human exposure to danger. The proposed solution demonstrates the effectiveness of IoT-enabled robotics in improving fire safety, offering a scalable and reliable approach to safeguarding lives, property, and critical infrastructure.

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DC motor, Flame sensors, Firefighting, Pump, Robot.

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 Abstract

Test Cricket is one of the most fascinating, exciting and enthralling forms of cricket. It defines and redefines the very philosophical existence of human survival and evolution over the years. It is widely agreed that its significance and relevance are gradually falling, especially after the advent of the limited overs games. The present research attempts to examine this aspect in a comprehensive manner and suggest new ways to revive the longer version of cricket to exist in parallel with the shorter versions. The documentary research, questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with the cricket fans of Eden Gardens, Kolkata, reveal that test cricket is a living art, yet its significance is falling, especially among the young generations. The analysis of the present study reveals that despite the fact that test cricket is exciting and deeply enthralling, its overall relevance is falling presently. Longer play duration, change in taste and preference patterns of cricket viewers, preference of professional cricketers to play more limited overs cricket are some of the key reasons for the present-day scenario of test cricket. Therefore, in order to revive test cricket and save it from a condition of dying art, it is very important for all the cricket boards, governments, and private bodies of all the cricket-playing nations that they must undertake adequate, sustainable and inclusive planning to protect test cricket. Because it is very important to realise that, future of cricket as a sport depends to a large extent on the survival of test cricket in the long run. The cricket fans of Eden Gardens agree very much with this fact and consider that the administration must take care of test cricket to prevent its premature extinction from the heart of cricket fans. Moreover, test cricket is not just about excitement and entertainment, it is a direction towards the enlightenment of human civilisation through sports.

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 Keywords

Test Cricket, survival, longer format, significance, play duration, entertainment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cosmetics are the preparations which used to beautify and enhance the human appearances. Herbal cold cream are skincare products formulated with natural ingredient, typically herbs and plant extracts, to soothe and moisturize the skin, especially during colder weather when skin tends to dry out more easily. These recipe serve as a guide for making a Herbal Aloe-vera Papaya cold cream that contains aloe-vera, Papaya and rose oil, well-known natural ingredient with medicinal,Nutritional and skin-soothing qualities. The Aim of the present research was to formulate and evaluate the aloe cold containing plant extracts purpose of nourishing and moistening the skin and develop a herbal cream for moisturizing, nourishing, whitening, and treating various skin diseases. The formulated cream showed good consistency and spreadability, pH, no evidence of phase separation during study period of research. The selection of component is based on the agents various therapeutic characteristics and no side effects.

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Cosmetic, Herbal cream, Papaya, Aloe-vera

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project explores how AutoCAD Civil 3D can transform highway design by making it faster, more accurate, and better suited to modern needs. Highways are complex structures that need precise planning to ensure they're safe, efficient, and comfortable for drivers. Traditional methods of highway design--often done by hand--are time-consuming, leave room for error, and make even small adjustments difficult once the design is set. Civil 3D, on the other hand, offers a solution by automating much of the design process, allowing for easy adjustments, and generating 3D models that help engineers visualize the final result from every angle. Our approach in this project involves gathering real-world data, setting up road alignments, defining cross-sections, and modeling the entire corridor in Civil 3D. The software's tools help us meet critical safety standards, optimize the materials used, and design with minimal environmental impact. Ultimately, Civil 3D proves to be an invaluable tool for highway design, offering a streamlined and more effective alternative to manual methods.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Highway geometric design, AutoCAD Civil 3D, corridor modeling, horizontal alignment, vertical profile, cross-sections, cut and fill.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition