Volume 11 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the Indian economy, contributing significantly to employment generation, GDP growth, and industrial development. This abstract provides an overview of the current status and prospects of the MSMEs sector in India. The MSMEs sector in India encompasses a diverse range of industries, including manufacturing, services, and trade. It serves as a breeding ground for entrepreneurship and innovation, promoting inclusive economic growth and regional development. However, the sector faces various challenges such as limited access to finance, inadequate technological capabilities, and regulatory complexities. Despite these challenges, the MSMEs sector has exhibited resilience and adaptability, particularly in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Indian government has implemented several initiatives to support and empower MSMEs, such as the introduction of the 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' (Self-reliant India) campaign, which emphasizes domestic manufacturing and entrepreneurship. The current status of the MSMEs sector reflects a mix of strengths and weaknesses. On one hand, MSMEs contribute to over 45% of India's total industrial output and employ millions of people. On the other hand, their productivity levels and export competitiveness need further improvement. Enhancing the sector's access to formal credit, technology upgradation, and skill development programs are key priorities for its sustained growth. The prospects of the MSMEs sector in India are promising. Several factors, such as the rise of digital technologies, increasing focus on sustainability and circular economy, and the government's supportive policies, are expected to drive the sector's growth. Initiatives like creating a dedicated MSME stock exchange, establishing technology centers, and simplifying regulatory frameworks aim to create an enabling environment for MSMEs to thrive. To unlock the full potential of the MSMEs sector, it is crucial to foster public-private collaborations, strengthen supply chains, and promote entrepreneurship at all levels

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 Keywords

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, current status, sector, role and performance, challenges, and prospects.

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The level of efficiency of a person depends on the time period of the goal to be achieved by him. The timing of achieving the goal can affect the satisfaction level. Gender differences can be found in efficiency and satisfaction levels. During the study period of medical students, their efficiency affects their level of satisfaction. The aim of the current study was to find out the significant difference in efficiency and satisfaction among medical students and the relationship between efficiency and satisfaction. The study was conducted in Jodhpur city (Rajasthan, India) with 80 samples using a survey sampling technique. Psychological Well-Being Scale (1995), (Dr. D.S. Sisodia, and Ms. Pooja Choudhary) was used to find out efficiency and satisfaction among medical students. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected. A statistically significant difference was considered at p < 0.05.Out of a total of 80 medical students, a significant difference was found in the efficiency and satisfaction between the genders of the medical students (p<.05). The percentage of efficiency was found to be above average 37 (46.3%) and the percentage of satisfaction was found to be above average 33 (41.3%) among medical students. The correlation was found between efficiency and satisfaction (? = 0.454, p<0.01).The study found that efficiency and satisfaction among medical students differed by gender. Medical males were found to have more efficiency and satisfaction than females. The efficiency and satisfaction levels of medical students are average. A positive relationship was found between efficiency and satisfaction.

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 Keywords

Efficiency, Satisfaction, Gender, Medical students.

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recognizes the importance of preserving the rich linguistic and cultural diversity of India. The policy highlights that language is a powerful means of transmitting knowledge, values, and culture. In addition to promoting multilingualism and language diversity, the NEP also seeks to preserve the cultural heritage of different regions and languages. In a multilingual state like Nagaland, a state in the northeastern part of India, various dialects are spoken, and each dialect has its unique cultural significance. Nagaland is home to over 15 different regional mother tongue languages, making it a linguistically diverse state. The introduction of mother tongue language teaching would require significant resources and efforts to develop curriculum, materials, and trained teachers for each language. The objective of this research paper is to investigate the potential benefits of mother tongue as the medium of instruction for schools in Nagaland, in line with the NEP 2020, and suggest some ways forward for its implementation. Findings show that there is shortage of trained teachers, infrastructure, and funding to support the implementation of mother tongue language teaching. Standardizing the curricula and materials can also be challenging as there are variations in the dialects and scripts of each language, which may lead to discrepancies in teaching and learning across different regions. The study also shows a preference for English or other dominant languages over the mother tongue language among some stakeholders. This could result in resistance to the introduction of mother tongue language teaching and a lack of interest among students to learn their own language. The findings of this research will help policymakers and educators in Nagaland to improve and enhance the proper implementation of the mother tongue teaching learning process in schools, and ensure the holistic development of students, while preserving their cultural heritage. Keywords: Mother Tongue Education, Multilingual, Nagaland, Mother Tongue teaching and learning.

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Mother Tongue Education, Multilingual, Nagaland, Mother Tongue teaching and learning.

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The fungi associated with the infection of papaya fruits in Osmanabad and Aurangabad city, Maharashtra State were studied. Five varieties of papaya fruit were used in the study the pathogenic fungi with potato dextrose broth and potato dextrose agar as the artificial growth media while the pour plate method was employed in their isolation. The fungi were isolated, and characterized on the basis of their cultural and microscopic features and identified as Aspergillus sp, Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp.,Penicillium sp. And Rhizopus sp. ITS sequencing was done using ITS 1 and ITS 4 primer pairs and the homology studied to confirm the microbial identification. Diversity analysis was done using PAST which indicated highly diverse fungal isolates. The result of the pathogenicity test carried out on the healthy fruits showed that all the fungal species re-isolated from the healthy samples had the same cultural and microscopic features as the original fungal isolates, indicating that these isolates were responsible for the infection of the papaya fruits examined. These organisms may have gained entrance into the produce from the air, during transportation, processing in an unhygienic environment and through improper handling. The organisms are known to produce potent toxins which have deleterious effects on humans and animals, therefore care must be taken during their handling, transportation and processing of papaya fruits to minimize the entry and proliferation of these organisms in the produce, as well as the health risk their infestation pose to the consumers of the fruits.

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Carica papaya, diversity, ascomycota, PAST, phylogeny

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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--A significant amount of floating garbage is entering urban drainage systems, from which it may be able to move through streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries before reaching the open sea. It is possible to create a robotic garbage boat prototype using artificial intelligence that can collect floating debris from storm drains. The project's primary goal is to clear the urban drain of floating debris in order to lessen sewage obstruction. Numerous lives will be saved if this urban sewer gets cleaned without human assistance. In the suggested approach, floating garbage is cleaned up by an automated robot. As a result, there will be less interaction with insects and hazardous fumes. A little subterranean or roadside waterway is called an urban drain. In order to prevent a blockage over here, the garbage or obstruction from this ditch needs to be removed. This won't clean well enough with manual power. Additionally, manual cleaning tends to cause the cleaners a lot of issues. These factors reduce the significance of the automation. The sewage in the factories will also be cleaned thanks to this robotic technique. Manually cleaning drainage pipes is a challenging task as well. So, in order to gather down the waste in drainage, an automation is needed.

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hazardous fumes,little subterranean, obstruction,floating debris

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Agriculture is the practice of farming, which includes the preparation of the land for the growth of plants, the care of animals, and the production of other goods like oil, wool, and other goods. Diseases in crops adversely affect the income of farmer gained from agriculture. The nation's economy is impacted as a result of this. This makes it necessary and important to detect and solve these problems. But this need to be done as early as possible which cannot be done by traditional methods. Thus, we proposed a model which makes use of deep learning to identify the diseases in tomato crop. This will prove helpful for the farmers for detection of disease and finding appropriate remedy.

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Agriculture, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, Disease detection, MobileNet ,Pesticide, Image classification

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Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) production systems are frequently used to produce green energy, ranging in size from modest domestic systems to big commercial systems. However, problems with PV systems might arise, particularly those brought on by heat. One of the major issues with PV modules is hot-spotting, which occurs when a cell or group of cells heats up substantially more than neighboring solar cells. As a result, less power is produced and the module becomes less reliable. Despite the fact that bypass diodes are widely used to reduce hot-spotting, they cannot completely resolve the problem or the damage it causes. In order to prevent hotspots in PV systems, this paper will outline various prevention methods and remedies. Investigating PV solar panel degradation is necessary to ascertain how well a PV solar panel and farm are doing overall. Visual inspection is one method for spotting damage, such as cracks, incorrectly soldered connections, mismatched components, cable or frame damage, which may later cause more resistance and hot spots. Another approach that needs expensive (costly) specialized equipment is thermography. This paper will address the various hot-spotting sources, such as electrical, light, and temperature, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of several detection methods, such as thermography and eye or visual examination. This paper will also discuss some of the hot-spot avoidance techniques, including bypass diodes, module-level power electronics, and micro-inverters. By taking care of the hot-spotting issue from the beginning, a PV system can be made to function effectively and successfully for many years.

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 Keywords

solar panel, photovoltaic effect, hot spots, thermal camers, electroluminesce

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rise of e-commerce has led to an increasing demand for scalable and secure solutions to build and manage online marketplaces [1]. In this paper, we propose a methodology that leverages distributed ledger technology (DLT) to build serverless e-commerce websites. Our approach utilizes blockchain technology to enable decentralized and secure transaction management, ensuring that data integrity and privacy are maintained while scaling to accommodate high volumes of transactions [1].To implement our methodology, we first define the architecture and design of a serverless e-commerce website based on the DLT approach. We then present a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using blockchain technology for e-commerce websites. Our study shows that the use of blockchain technology in e-commerce can significantly improve security and reduce costs, while also increasing transparency and traceability [2, 3].Next, we provide a step-by-step guide on how to develop a serverless e-commerce website using DLT, including the setup and deployment of a blockchain network, the creation of smart contracts, and the integration of various e-commerce functionalities. We also present a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology in building and managing an online marketplace [1]. Our proposed methodology provides a practical solution for building scalable and secure e-commerce websites, utilizing the benefits of blockchain technology. By adopting this approach, businesses can create more efficient, transparent, and trustworthy e-commerce platforms that can operate without a central server

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 Keywords

e-commerce,Blockchain, security , decentralized , network , serverless , infrastructure , smart contracts

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The competency of teachers can be improved by teachers' engagement in their roles and responsibilities in teaching and learning situations to upgrade the level of education. This study is related to measuring teachers' work engagement in teaching at senior secondary level schools located in the Saharanpur district. For the current study, a descriptive survey research design was used. 60 teachers were taken from schools to participate in the study. The researcher employed the UWES work engagement scale to collect data from respondents. The study adopted a simple random sample technique to take a sample of teachers from senior secondary schools of the U.P. Board. The statistics of mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient techniques were applied to evaluate the formulated null hypotheses at the given level of confidence. The outcome of the study reveals a high level of male and female teachers' work engagement in teaching at the senior secondary level.

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engagement, work, measurement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The system family comprises the subsystems- parents' child subsystem, sibling subsystem, and marital subsystem. All these subsystems are mutually dependent on one another, even the trivial problem within or among these subsystems creates emotional disturbance. The family does not play its entire role in shaping a child's education or learning process but it has its major role in influencing it. Family background tends to be the harvesting ground where the seeds of encouragement, confidence, emotional intelligence etc. are sown in the young minds. Each and every family contributes its members to the society in order to contribute for its welfare growth and development. In this study, the parental income, parent's education, parents' interaction with students and the parents' unity are taken as the factors for affecting (positively or negatively) a student's learning process. This study would enable us to understand the present scenario and show the way forward for further analysis in which the present study has shown its limited perspectives. The aim of this study is to bring out the factors which seem to be secondary in students' development but happen to be the primary in providing the mental peace which is the root cause for all success or failure in a child's life.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Parental Income, Parents Education, Parents Interaction and Family Unity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition