Volume 12 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

This paper examines the role of Panchayati Raj institutions in empowering women and promoting gender equality in India. With a focus on the reservation of seats for women in local elected bodies, the paper explores how Panchayati Raj serves as a platform for women's political participation, leadership development, and advocacy for women's rights. Drawing on empirical evidence and case studies, the paper highlights the impact of women's representation in Panchayati Raj on governance outcomes, community development, and social transformation. Furthermore, the paper discusses challenges and opportunities for enhancing women's empowerment within Panchayati Raj, including capacity-building initiatives, policy interventions, and support mechanisms. Through a comprehensive analysis of the intersection between women's empowerment and Panchayati Raj, this paper provides insights into strategies for fostering inclusive governance and advancing gender equality at the grassroots level.

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 Keywords

Women Empowerment and Panchayati Raj

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Education is key weapon of human resource development for tribals who have been detached of education for centuries. Lack of education is mostly responsible for starvation and pitiable situation of the tribals. The present study mainly focuses on the KORA (To dig the soil) communities and their educational status of Jhargram district of West Bengal. Primary data was collected through household survey, interviews and Secondary data was collected through books, journals, reports, internet etc.

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Education, Kora community, Jhargram

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Antibiotic resistance has become a threat to modern medicine and excessive use of antibiotics in humans, animals and agriculture are the reasons for this evolution resulted in the acceleration for natural process of antibiotic resistance by the bacteria and made them to tolerate. Antibiotics are given in chicken's feed regularly at farms, as they promote the weight of the chicken and to prevent the bacterial infections. Hence, the chickens reared by modern farming methods have become a potential source of antibiotic resistant bacteria and this was proved by isolation of resistant strains from feces of such chicken. This study was aimed to isolate and identify the antibiotic resistant bacteria from the poultry chicken rectal swab sample. A total of 25 chicken rectal swabs samples were collected, inoculated and incubated in peptone water. The bacterial isolates were subjected to primarily screening of antibiotic resistance from the spread plate of the samples. After screening, the resistance of all the isolates was noted and those isolates, which showed resistance against many antibiotics, was selected for confirmation of tolerance to high concentration antibiotic solution by well diffusion method. Then the antibiotic resistant isolate with tolerance to highest concentration of antibiotics was identified by molecular identification 16S rRNA sequencing and was found to be Klebsiella pneumonia with tolerance to 5mg concentration of amoxicillin and erythromycin antibiotics. This study was successful in isolating three drug resistant bacteria. In this analysis we found that 60 percent of the organisms isolated from the rectum of poultry chicken reared by modern methods using antibiotic treatment and feeds, were antibiotic resistance bacteria.

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Antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotic tolerance, bacterial isolation

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This paper represents the design project of the application of a stamping process. The stamping mechanism is controlled by PLC hence it can be implemented in small scale as well as big industries for faster operation and less labour requirement. Automatic stamping of object has received significant attention because automatic stamping is reliable and reproducible. This system uses Allen Bradley PLC, an integrated PLC with uploaded Ladder Logic Programming using Studio 5000 to control multiple machine operation for product sorting. Multiple machine operation of product includes Conveyor, start push button, stop push button, solenoid actuator, Inductive sensor. This current trend of stamping problems has made the small scale enterprises to lose large number of market share to the large scale manufacturing outfits. The need to make stamping process affordable, using easy to maintain machines and also complying to rood regulatory bodies necessitated the need for this work.

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 Keywords

PLC (Allen Bradley CompactLogix L24ER), Conveyor, Inductive sensor, Solenoid, Push Button.

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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in particular, are deep learning approaches that have gained a lot of attention recently because of their greater accuracy compared to traditional machine learning techniques that rely on features that are manually generated. Advancements in hardware capabilities, specifically in the utilization of graphics processing units (GPUs), greatly accelerate deep learning techniques' processing times. " Utilize the most recent advancements in deep learning techniques, such as CNN, combined with the availability of adequately sized flower datasets in this work to robustly address the flower categorization challenge. In order to identify distinct flower classes, our automatic system first recognizes the area surrounding a flower in an image. Then, using the cropped images, it trains a powerful CNN classifier named as ResNet (18, 50 and 101). Our reliable approach is assessed on several well-known flower datasets, and the findings indicate that the suggested method performs at a suitable classification accuracy (CA) in the Kaggle datasets.

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Residual, ResNet, CNN, Classification Accuracy

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This research paper aims at developing an effective system to implement in a library for the authentication of users, and efficient functioning of the system by integrating the concept of the use of smart systems viz the Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things to enhance the ease of use of the system by the users of the various services offered by the institutions. The mechanisms and components of the proposed system are as follows: The identification of the user is more secure by using fingerprint scanning technology while at the same time is more convenient. The system incorporates RFID technology that helps in keeping track of the books and their management. Furthermore, it also incorporates the appropriate AI as well as machine learning algorithms to recommend books to the readers with adequate personalization and analyzes the behavior of the user to augment the functionality of the library. There is also a system of utility that includes messaging where the users are notified on time about the book's availability, due date, and status on the book reservation. In the case of Raspberry Pi alongside displays and speakers alongside different additional showing parts, there is the existence of an efficient and smooth user-related interaction. This has been done by conducting numerous tests and most especially the feedback from the users as a result of extensive usage with a disclosure of an increase in the level of satisfaction of users and the general running of the library. Therefore, this work aims to attempt to define the conception and experience of the system application in connection with the potentialities of altering the conventional model of library functioning.

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Library Management System, Biometric Authentication, Fingerprint Scanner, RFID Technology, Artificial Intelligence, User Experience, Internet of Things (IoT), Raspberry Pi, SMS Notification System, Book Recommendation.

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The application of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in metabolomics provides revolutionary possibilities for improving disease diagnostics and comprehending intricate biochemical processes. The study of small molecules in biological systems, known as metabolomics, gains from AI/ML's capacity to analyse enormous datasets and identify complex patterns and biomarkers. The main developments in AI-driven metabolomics are highlighted in this review, with particular emphasis on the use of ML models such as random forests, support vector machines, and artificial neural networks for disease diagnosis and biomarker discovery, as well as deep learning approaches for metabolite identification and multi-omics data integration. Even with this tremendous advancement, issues like population variability management, repeatability, and interpretability of models still need to be resolved. It is imperative that these problems are resolved in order to advance personalised medicine and realise dependable clinical metabolomics applications.

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Machine Learning, Metabolomics, Artificial Intelligence, Biomarker, Omics, Medicine

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research undertakes a detailed analysis comparing Distil BERT3,4,5 and Llama 21,2 , emphasizing key aspects such as model design, size, training data, performance metrics, and practical applicability. DistilBERT3,4,5, a simplified version of BERT, prioritizes speed and efficiency, making it well suited for resource-constrained environments. On the other hand, Llama 21,2 ,part of Meta's LLaMA series of extensive language models, offers scalability and robust performance across various tasks. The examination reveals that DistilBERT3,4,5 excels in scenarios requiring quick response times and minimal memory usage, while Llama 21,2 outperforms in complex tasks demanding deep understanding and comprehensive contextual awareness. This comparative analysis aims to aid practitioners in choosing the most appropriate model for their specific requirements, highlighting the trade-offs between speed and accuracy. By providing an in-depth exploration of these models, this study contributes to the ongoing optimization of transformer-based architectures for diverse application scenarios.

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DistilBERT3,4,5 , Llama 21,2 , Transformer Models , Natural Language Processing (NLP) , Language Generation , AI Applications

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Adolescent suicide, Suicide intent

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Insurance sector in India governed by Insurance Act, 1938, the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956 and General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act, 1972, Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Act, 1999 and other related Acts. With such a large population and the untapped market area of this population Insurance happens to be a very big opportunity in India. Today it stands as a business growing at the rate of 15-20 per cent annually. Together with banking services, it adds about 7 per cent to the country's GDP .In spite of all this growth the statistics of the penetration of the insurance in the country is very poor. Nearly 80% of Indian populations are without Life insurance cover and the Health insurance. This is an indicator that growth potential for the insurance sector is immense in India. The paper reviews the objectives, roles and functions of the three regulatory authorities Reserve Bank of India, Stock Exchange Board of India and Insurance Regulation & Development Authority in maintaining corporate governance in financial markets. The paper tries to review how the RBI regulates the money market, SEBI regulates the stock market and the IRDA regulates the insurance sector.

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 Keywords

Corporate Governance, Insurance, Stock Exchange, RBI, IRDA, SEBI, Financial Institutes.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition