Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

This study examines the level of awareness towards the National Education Policy 2020 among male elementary school teachers in urban and rural areas of Betul tehsil. The research is grounded in the understanding that teachers are the key agents in implementing educational reforms, and their awareness directly influences the success of policy execution. A descriptive survey method was employed, and a structured awareness scale was used to collect data from a sample of teachers selected through a systematic sampling design. The study focuses on comparing awareness levels across geographical locations to identify disparities and underlying factors influencing such differences. The findings reveal that teachers in urban areas demonstrate a higher and more consistent level of awareness compared to their rural counterparts, indicating better access to training, institutional support, and educational resources. In contrast, rural teachers exhibit comparatively lower awareness, highlighting challenges such as limited exposure to policy updates and fewer professional development opportunities. The results further suggest that the gap in awareness may hinder the uniform implementation of NEP 2020 across different regions. The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions, including capacity-building programs, workshops, and digital dissemination strategies, particularly in rural areas, to enhance teachers' understanding and preparedness. Overall, the research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the role of teacher awareness in educational reform and underscores the importance of equitable policy dissemination for achieving the objectives of NEP 2020.

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Keywords: NEP 2020, teacher awareness, elementary education, urban teachers, rural teachers, educational policy, teacher training, policy implementation, awareness level, comparative study, Betul tehsil, school education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The skin is a complex organ that protects the body from the external environment. It acts as a protective barrier against physical, chemical, and microbial threats while regulating water loss and maintaining internal homeostasis. In addition to forming a permeability barrier, the skin plays an important role in temperature regulation, sensory protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, tissue repair, and wound healing.

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The pH values ranged within a safe range for skin application, and the best spreadability was observed in the formulation.

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Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, where resistance to conventional antimalarial drugs is increasing. Herbal medicines have gained attention as alternative therapeutic agents due to their safety, affordability, and accessibility. Tamarindus indica (tamarind) leaves are traditionally used for their medicinal properties, including antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of tablets prepared from tamarind leaf extract for potential antimalarial activity. Tamarind leaves were collected, dried, and subjected to extraction using suitable solvents. The obtained extract was formulated into tablets using standard excipients and compression techniques. The prepared tablets were evaluated for physicochemical parameters such as hardness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time, and dissolution profile. Additionally, preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antimalarial activity were assessed.The results indicated that the formulated tablets met pharmacopoeial standards for tablet quality and showed promising antimalarial potential. The study suggests that tamarind leaf-based tablets could serve as a cost-effective and natural alternative for malaria treatment, warranting further in vivo and clinical investigations.

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Tamarindus indica ,Tamarind leaves Capsule,malarial activity, antimalaria , flavonoids

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured yoga training program on physical endurance and recovery from fatigue among college-level students. A total of fifty participants between 18 and 25 years of age were randomly assigned into two equal groups: an intervention group and a non-intervention group. The intervention group participated in a twelve-week guided yoga regimen that incorporated physical postures, controlled breathing techniques, and relaxation practices, while the comparison group continued with their usual daily routine without any additional training.

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Yogic training, physical endurance, fatigue assessment, recovery efficiency, undergraduate students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The exponential rise in the number of connected devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) poses major problems in regard to security, scalability, and resource consumption. Centralized security solutions in use fail in providing efficient solutions since the presence of high latencies and a lack of resources in an IoT environment leads to single points of failure and other limitations. In this context, a new distributed architecture is designed to provide a solution in regards to ensuring security in an IoT environment. In the framework developed, edge computing and light machine learning algorithms are implemented. The results of this research prove to be significantly better than those attained in a traditional setting. Keywords: Internet of Things, Distributed Architectures, Security, IoT, Lightweight Security, Edge Computing, Machine Learning

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Keywords: Internet of Things, Distributed Systems, Lightweight Security, Edge Computing, Machine Learning, Scalability, IoT Security

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Herbal medicines are widely used throughout the world due to their therapeutic potential, affordability, safety, and cultural acceptance. However, lack of proper standardization and quality evaluation remains a major challenge in herbal drug development. The present research work was carried out to evaluate crude drugs and develop a polyherbal cream formulation using Asparagus racemosus and Bacopa monnieri according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Pharmacognostic evaluation including macroscopic and microscopic studies was performed for authentication of crude drugs. Physicochemical parameters such as total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, moisture content, and extractive values were determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted to identify major phytoconstituents present in methanolic extracts. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling was carried out for fingerprint analysis. A polyherbal cream was prepared using methanolic extracts of both plants and evaluated for physicochemical properties including color, odour, texture, pH, spreadability, and emolliency. The results confirmed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates, and saponins. Physicochemical parameters were found within acceptable limits according to WHO guidelines. TLC studies showed characteristic RF values indicating the presence of active constituents. The prepared herbal cream exhibited good homogeneity, smooth texture, satisfactory spreadability, and acceptable emollient properties. The study concluded that Asparagus racemosus and Bacopa monnieri possess significant phytochemical and physicochemical properties suitable for herbal formulation development. The formulated polyherbal cream demonstrated satisfactory evaluation parameters and may be useful for cosmetic and therapeutic applications.

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Herbal cream, Asparagus racemosus, Bacopa monnieri, WHO guidelines, phytochemical screening, TLC profiling, herbal formulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Gallium Nitride (GaN), Silicon Carbide (SiC), Power Conversion Efficiency, Heterogeneous Integration

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In the modern supply chain ecosystem, real-time inventory tracking plays a crucial role in ensuring product availability, optimizing stock levels, and enabling accurate demand forecasting. This project presents a lightweight, real-time inventory tracking application specifically designed for manufacturers to monitor product sales directly from retail outlets such as supermarkets. Using QR codes, barcodes, and manual Unicode entries, the system enables instant logging of sales data for each product. The application focuses exclusively on the manufacturer's products, ensuring that only authorized and relevant sales are recorded. Supermarkets can scan product identifiers, which are then instantly updated to a cloud-based database, allowing manufacturers to view live stock depletion and sales reports. The system is built using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript with Firebase Firestore as the real-time backend. The design prioritizes affordability, simplicity, and accessibility, making it suitable for small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs), especially in rural and semi-urban markets where costly ERP systems like SAP are impractical .By eliminating manual data entry delays and providing live sales visibility, the solution enables accurate stock predictions, faster replenishment, and improved decision-making. Compared to large-scale ERP solutions, this project offers a focused, product- specific, and mobile-friendly approach, bridging the gap between traditional stock books and enterprise-level inventory management systems.

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Digital Supply Chain, Real-Time Inventory Tracking, QR Code, Barcode Scanning, Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Firebase Firestore, Inventory Management System, Supply Chain Automation, MSME Solutions, Real-Time Dashboard, Cloud Functions

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The Lambada tribe, also known as Banjara, is a prominent tribal community in Telangana with a rich cultural heritage and historically nomadic lifestyle. Traditionally, the Lambadas resided in Zumpadas--informal, thatched huts constructed using mud, bamboo, and other locally sourced materials. These structures, though deeply rooted in their culture, were often characterized by limited durability, vulnerability to natural elements, and a lack of access to basic amenities. In recent decades, especially in the Narsampet region of Warangal district, a significant transition has been observed in their housing patterns, with many families shifting to pucca houses--permanent, concrete structures--through both government housing schemes and self-funded initiatives. This study aims to explore the transformation in the living conditions of the Lambada tribes as they move from traditional Zumpadas to pucca housing. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including field visits, structured interviews, and community observations in selected thandas, the study examines the drivers behind this transition, such as socio-economic development, state-sponsored welfare programs, aspirations for modern living, and increasing integration into mainstream society. The findings indicate that pucca housing has contributed positively to health, safety, sanitation, and access to infrastructure. However, the transition also presents challenges, such as the erosion of communal living patterns and the dilution of traditional architectural identity. The study concludes that while modernization has improved physical living conditions, future housing policies must incorporate elements that respect and preserve the cultural context of tribal communities to ensure sustainable development.

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Lambada Tribe, Zumpadas, Housing Transition, Cultural Identity, Rural Infrastructure, Socio-economic Change, Sustainable Development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition