Volume 12 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Smart Traffic Management is designed to overcome the limitations of traditional fixed-timing traffic control methods. By employing a dynamic approach based on real-time vehicle density, the system optimizes traffic flow and reduces congestion, particularly during peak hours. Integrating advanced sensors and cameras strategically allows for accurate monitoring and comprehensive data analysis, enabling dynamic adjustment of traffic light timings. This responsive system not only enhances efficiency but also prioritizes emergency vehicle passage by seamlessly altering signal timings. The integration of camera technology provides real-time monitoring for informed decision-making, promising a more seamless commuting experience and improved emergency response in urban areas.

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Smart Traffic Management, Congestion, Camera-based traffic monitoring

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Digital payment methods are becoming more and more essential for routine activities like buying products from neighborhood small businesses. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that influence the use of digital payments by small retailers in Silchar Town, Assam, as well as the expenses and taxes related to the installation of these systems. While secondary data was gathered from websites and research reports, primary data was gathered through structured questionnaires. The study reveals that fifty percent of participants began accepting digital payments in their stores in less than three months, and thirty-eight percent did so in less than nine months. The study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of digitization for small retail firms. Even with government and financial institution initiatives to promote digitization, a significant portion of the population lacks basic digital literacy. Several suggestions are provided in the article's conclusion for motivating small retailers to accept and use digital payments.

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 Keywords

Digitalization, Digital Payment, Digital literacy, Retailer

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The-go beverage solutions. This project endeavors to revolutionize the tea-drinking experience by incorporating advanced technology and user-centric The Design and Manufacturing of Classic Brewer, a sophisticated tea vending machine, responds to the increasing demand for convenient on-design principles. The machine boasts multiple canisters for storing various tea ingredients, allowing users to personalize their tea preferences with precision and ease. With an intuitive touchscreen interface, users can navigate through a selection of tea options, adjust sweetness levels, and tailor the tea strength to their liking, ensuring a tailored experience for each user. Furthermore, this automated tea vending machine prioritizes hygiene and cleanliness through innovative features such as self-cleaning components and easily maintainable surfaces, meeting stringent health standards. Additionally, energy efficiency is a key focus, achieved through intelligent heating and standby modes, aligning with sustainability goals in operational practices. By merging technological innovation with user satisfaction and sustainability, this project aims to address both the practical aspects of automated tea preparation and the evolving expectations of consumers for a quick, customizable, and enjoyable tea-drinking experience across various settings

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Automated Tea wending machine .

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 Abstract

Background: Families are often the primary source of home care and support. It is therefore essential to ensure that they are in best of their health while carrying out their responsibilities. Clinical observation and early empirical research showed that assuming a caregiving role are stressful and burdensome. Mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, lack of sleep is highly likely to be expected in them. Stroke is a very common cause of adult disability often leaving stroke survivors dependent on others. Much of this support comes from informal carers. Among stroke caregivers, mental health and social functioning have repeatedly been found to be the most severely compromised health-related quality of life domains. Past researches indicates that caring for a stroke survivors, especially the ones with disabling condition, places an undue strain on caregivers. Studies have found earlier that exercise has both physical and psychological effects. However, the heterogeneous nature of the exercise intervention trials makes determining the appropriate program variables (frequency, intensity, duration and type of exercise) difficult. Most studies explored the benefit of aerobic exercise in depression and anxiety and included running, brisk walking, treadmill or stationary bicycle. Also most of these aerobic activities might not be possible to be carried out in home by all and difficult to be supervised. Diaphragmatic breathing have been shown to have a relaxing and stabilizing effect on the autonomic nervous system. So, its role in mental health as a physical therapy intervention is an area that needs to be further explored. Several studies indicate that breath controls used in various combinations could have beneficial effects on mental health and well-being of an individual. Whether they really play a significant positive role in regulating mental health or are more placebo in nature is something that needs to be seen. The Objective of the study was to find out the efficacy of controlled diaphragmatic breathing exercise as a simple and easy to practice mean in addressing the mental health issues of family caregivers of post stroke patients who probably suffers from and are susceptible to develop more advance mental health complications. Methods: A total of 200 subjects were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from family members serving as caregivers to post stroke patients residing in Kolkata and undergoing rehabilitation upon due recommendations. They were allotted in two groups (100 each) alternately. The intervention group underwent a supervised controlled diaphragmatic breathing exercise program at thrice a week for eight weeks. The control group has undergone baseline measurements and were allowed to carry on their normal life without any recommendations. At the end of 8 weeks outcome measures were further evaluated for every subject and analyzed statistically. Outcome measures included Karolinska Sleepiness Scale for sleep, Beck Depression inventory for depression, Beck Anxiety inventory for anxiety, Positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) to measure both positive and negative affect. Abbreviated Profile of mood state (POMS) to assess the mood. Results: The intervention group showed significant difference (p<0.01) in the outcome measures in comparison to their baseline values whereas there were no significant differences in the outcome measures of control group in comparison to baseline. Conclusion: This study shows that controlled diaphragmatic breathing has significant positive and beneficial effects on the mental health of family caregivers of post stroke patients.

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Family Caregiver, Mental health, Breathing exercise

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"Cirrhosis" is a morphologic term that has been used for almost 200 years to denote the end stage of a variety of chronic liver diseases. The term implies a condition with adverse prognosis due to the well-known complications of portal hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure The study investigates the hepatoprotective effects of an ethanolic extract of Ziziphus mauritiana roots against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. The research involved administrating different doses of the extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) to assess its efficacy in mitigating hepatic damage. Results showed significant improvements in liver enzyme levels, total protein, and bilirubin levels, indicating a protective effect. Histological analysis further confirmed the restoration of liver architecture in treated groups. The hepatoprotective properties are attributed to the phytochemical constituents of the extract, particularly flavonoids, which exhibit antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing activities. The findings suggest that Ziziphus mauritiana root extract holds potential as a natural remedy for liver damage, warranting further investigation to elucidate the exact mechanisms and active compounds involved.

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Hepatoprotective activity, Ziziphus mauritiana, Silymarin, Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4),Oxidative stress, Liver regeneration.

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, which can lead to various microvascular and macrovascular complications. The present study investigated the antidiabetic potential of a combined extract of Althaea officinalis and Thespesia populnea (AOTPE) in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extraction yield of the AOTPE was found to be 25.6% w/w, and phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic acids, sterols, and tannins. The AOTPE was evaluated for its effects on body weight, oral glucose tolerance, blood glucose levels, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results showed that the AOTPE at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg exhibited a protective effect on body weight, improved glucose tolerance, reduced blood glucose levels, and lowered HbA1c levels compared to the positive control group. These findings suggest that the AOTPE possesses potent antidiabetic properties and could be a promising therapeutic option for the management of diabetes and its associated complications.

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Diabetes mellitus, Althaea officinalis, Thespesia populnea, Antidiabetic activity, Alloxan-induced diabetes, Phytochemicals, Glucose tolerance, Blood glucose levels.

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Bauhinia racemosa, also known as 'Aapta' and belonging to the Fabaceae family, is widely utilized in traditional medicine for managing diabetes mellitus. In this study, the Ethanolic extract of Bauhinia racemosa roots (EEBR) underwent phytochemical analysis and was assessed for its potential antidiabetic effects on blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Both EEBR (at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg) and Glibenclamide (administered at 0.5 mg/kg) were orally administered to rats induced with alloxan (100 mg/kg, i.p.). Notably, EEBR at the 400 mg/kg dosage exhibited a significant (p<0.001) reduction in blood glucose levels. Preliminary phytochemical analysis identified alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins as the major constituents in the ethanolic extract. These findings strongly suggest that EEBR, particularly at the 400 mg/kg dose, possesses antihyperglycemic properties in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

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 Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, Bauhinia racemosa, Roots, Alloxan, Glibenclamide, Blood Glucose Level, Alloxan-induced diabetes, Phytochemicals, Glucose tolerance, Ethanolic extract of bauhinia racemosa root, Blood glucose levels.

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This research addresses the burgeoning challenges in Cloud computing security through the proposition of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) driven by Machine Learning (ML). Conducting a comprehensive literature review, the study elucidates the multifaceted landscape of security concerns in Cloud computing, spanning trust issues to sophisticated attack vectors. The proposed IDS integrates diverse ML algorithms, including Support Vector Machines and Neural Networks, strategically applied for effective intrusion detection in the Cloud. A mathematical foundation is established for the Support Vector Machine algorithm, showcasing its potential in threat detection through binary classification. The research delineates hardware and software requirements, emphasizing scalability and compatibility with prevalent ML frameworks. Despite the promising advantages such as enhanced threat detection and minimized false positives/negatives, the study transparently discusses inherent limitations, encompassing data quality challenges, susceptibility to adversarial attacks, resource intensiveness of ML models, privacy concerns, and integration challenges in dynamic cloud environments. The paper concludes by highlighting the increasing popularity of Cloud computing and the imperative role of ML in addressing security issues, supported by a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzing 63 relevant studies, categorizing results into Cloud security threat types, ML techniques, and performance outcomes, thus contributing valuable insights for future research and development in this domain.

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Intrusion Detection System, Support Vector Machine, Regularization Parameter in SVM, Operating System, Artificial Intelligence, Secure Sockets Layer, Data Driven Insights, Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network

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Obesity is a global epidemic with far-reaching health consequences, driving the need for effective treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the antiobesity potential of Salvia Splendens, a medicinal plant, through comprehensive phytochemical screening and pharmacological evaluation. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diverse bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, and cardiac glycosides, which have been associated with various health benefits. The pharmacological evaluation in a high-fat diet-induced obese rat model demonstrated that the methanolic extract of Salvia Splendens (MESS) significantly reduced body weight, improved blood lipid profiles, and exhibited protective effects on the liver, compared to the positive control group. The findings suggest that Salvia Splendens possesses multifaceted therapeutic potential in the management of obesity and related metabolic disorders, warranting further investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore its clinical applications.

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Obesity, Global epidemic, Health consequences, Effective treatment options, Salvia Splendens, Medicinal plant, Antiobesity potential.

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This paper explores the complex relationship between literature and cinema, focusing on the challenges and successes of translating literary works to film. While literary works offer a treasure trove of compelling stories, characters, and established worlds, transforming them into a visual medium presents a unique set of obstacles. The essay delves into these challenges, including capturing the internal world of characters, sacrificing detail and nuance, adapting the language of literature to a visual medium, and maintaining narrative flow within the constraints of film. The paper also examines the "interpretation quandary" faced by filmmakers, balancing their artistic vision with respect for the source material and audience expectations. Through specific examples, the analysis demonstrates how adaptations can struggle to capture the full depth of a novel or deviate significantly from reader expectations. However, the essay doesn't solely focus on the difficulties. It explores the potential for successful adaptations that manage to capture the essence of the original work while offering a fresh cinematic experience. Highlighting the creative use of visuals, sound design, and editing, the paper showcases how filmmakers can translate complex narratives for the screen. Ultimately, the essay argues that cinematic adaptations, despite their inherent challenges, can be a powerful medium for bringing literary works to life and fostering appreciation for both forms of storytelling.

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 Keywords

cinema, filmmaking, literature, cinematic adaptations

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