Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Communication barriers faced by the hearing and speech impaired can be reduced with assistive technologies. This project proposes a low-cost, real-time sign language recognition system using flex sensors and the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The system captures finger movements via flex sensors, converts the gestures into text, and uses a text-to-speech module to vocalize the interpreted word. The use of machine learning ensures improved accuracy and adaptability. This approach enables effective communication for those with speech or hearing difficulties and holds the potential for further enhancements in accessibility technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sign Language, Flex Sensors, KNN Algorithm, Arduino Uno, Text-to-Speech, MIT App, Assistive Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Silent Sound Technology (SST) revolutionizes human-machine interaction by converting bioelectrical and neural signals into text or synthesized speech without audible vocalization. This paper investigates SST's core mechanisms, including surface electromyography (sEMG) and brain-computer interfaces (BCI), and evaluates its applications in healthcare, secure military communication, and space exploration. Challenges such as signal variability, ethical concerns, and hardware limitations are discussed, followed by recommendations for future research, including sensor miniaturization and multilingual adaptability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Silent Sound Technology; Electromyography; Neural Interfaces; Assistive Communication; Bio-Signal Processing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Education is the backbone of a developing economy. Thus we need to continuously upgrade the education system. In India although the growth has been slow but steady. We have shifted from the traditional classroom system to smart board classes. Technology has undeniably transformed the way we live, touching every aspect of our lives and redefining how we exist. It plays a crucial role in all areas of life, enabling automation of many manual tasks and simplifying complex, critical processes with greater efficiency. Technology has revolutionized education. Technology plays a very important role in the field of education. Technology has changed the face of education, as it has of so many other aspects of modern life. In recent years, there has been a meteoric rise in the adoption of instructional software, interactive whiteboards, and online learning platforms. Technology has enhanced the teaching and learning process, making it more engaging and enjoyable. The incorporation of technology in education has significantly reshaped traditional learning settings, providing many opportunities to students as well as the teaching faculties. Digital technologies have brought changes to the nature and scope of education and led education systems worldwide to adopt strategies and policies for ICT integration. Modern technology has revolutionized the field of education and has had a significant impact on how we learn and teach.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Education, modern technology, teaching.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research studies buying behavior of parents of children from Generation Alpha (born after 2010) in Coimbatore city with particular emphasis on educational toys. Generation Alpha is the first generation to be fully immersed in technology and their buying decisions are made from a completely different viewpoint. It is seen that the parents (who see value in toys for development of their child) are becoming more and more selective when purchasing the toys, taking into consideration children's educational value, safety and durability of the toy. This study focuses on determining the factors that impact parents buying decisions when buying toys, the involvement of children in the toy purchase process and the similarities and differences when comparing online vs offline shopping options. Data was collected from the parents living in Coimbatore using structured questionnaire and descriptive research design. The patterns and consumer preferences were analyzed through the use of statistical analysis tools for interpretation. The research shows that children's roles in parents' purchase decisions were evident and parents think educational toys bring high value. Differences in gadgets and toys used by children also exposed child development consumer insights. The research concludes with actionable ideas for toy suppliers and marketers to successfully meet the changing customer expectations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Consumer Behaviour, Gen Alpha, Retail Toy Market, Toy Purchase Decisions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This Paper explores the fictional town of Malgudi, created by R.K. Narayan, as a symbolic representation of India's society, reflecting the interplay of tradition and modernization. Malgudi serves as a microcosm of India, showcasing its diverse population, social stratification, and complex human relationships. Through characters like Swami, Raju, and Jagan, Narayan addresses themes such as generational conflicts, cultural clashes, and the evolving dynamics between rural life and urbanization. The town's infrastructure, including its streets, schools, temples, and markets, highlights both the continuity of traditional values and the inevitable impact of modernity. Nature, represented by the Sarayu River and Mempi Forest, underscores the spiritual and reflective aspects of Malgudi's life. Characters like Raju from The Guide and Jagan from The Vendor of Sweets embody the tension between old and new, with their personal journeys symbolizing the broader societal transitions in India. Malgudi, while maintaining its rootedness in tradition, serves as a site for the clash between established customs and the forces of global change, offering a nuanced reflection on the complexities of modernization and cultural continuity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

R.K. Narayan, Malgudi, Microcosm of India, Tradition vs. Modernization, Change and Stability, Conflict between Old and New Values.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cybersecurity is a very important today, especially for indusrties like news.Cybercrime are getting more common, and hackers are using smarter styles to breakinto systems. Without strong security, important information like lines, plans, andparticular data can easily be stolen or damaged. Every business, whether it is a techcompany or a news outlet, needs good security to cover its systems. Hackers arealways chancing new ways to attack, and old security styles can't keep up with thegrowing risks. As technology improves, hackers also get better at finding weaknessesin security. Cybersecurity is indeed more important for those who handle sensitiveinformation, like governments, healthcare, and businesses. This information includesparticular details, company records, and precious ideas. However, it can beget bigproblems like identity theft, fiscal loss, if hackers steal this data. To fight thesegrowing risks, numerous companies are using artificial intelligence (AI). AI tools,like machine literacy and colonization, help find,predict, and stop cyberattacksrapidly and more directly. Machine literacy can look at large quantities of datasnappily and spot patterns that might show trouble.. Robotization helps respond toattacks more quickly than humans, reducing the damage. By using AI, associationscan strengthen their security and respond quickly to cover their data.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cybersecurity, Cybercrimes, Artificial Intelligence (AI), MachineLearning, Data protection, Digital security, Cybersecurity, Deep Learning,Automation, Cyber Threats, Data Privacy, AI in Security.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The main objective of this study is to solve one the major problems associated with the surrounding areas of Kengeri, where a constant overflow of stormwater from the stream of Vrishabhavathi River in the area of Mysore Road for a stretch of 100 metres. The area has also witnessed soil slippage which has caused the washing away of a part of Mysore Road, which is considered one of the most important and busiest roads of Bangalore. The study discusses reasons which constantly causes the overflow such as Inadequate space provided by stormwater drain, high level of contamination of flowing water and a smaller number of sewage treatment plants. The study proposes increase in number of STPs, identification of certain areas for detention ponds, searching of possibilities where large houses such as apartments can have a provision of STPs contributing for decentralization of STPs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vrishabhavathi, Mysore Road, overflow, stormwater drain, Detention ponds, sewage treatment plants.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research aims to enhance the performance and reliability of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping Systems (SPVWPS) to promote their wider adoption in rural and agricultural settings. Solar PV systems offer a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for powering water pumps; however, their efficiency is influenced by factors such as solar irradiation, system design, and component quality. The study focuses on the development and implementation of optimization techniques, including Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms, high-efficiency photovoltaic modules, and the optimal selection of motor and pump specifications. Key performance indicators such as cost-effectiveness, payback period, and energy efficiency are thoroughly analyzed with many approaches such as simulation software (PV syst). The research also emphasizes the importance of selecting suitable PV panels, power conditioning units, motors, and pumps. Technical evaluations of both stand-alone and grid-connected SPVWPS are presented, providing valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, manufacturers, and end-users in designing and deploying efficient solar-powered water pumping solutions.

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 Keywords

SPVWPS, maximum power point tracking, Motor, Pump

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Secure data transmission has advanced from foundational cryptographic protocols to integrated, domain-specific approaches that combine multiple security techniques. In several studies, traditional cryptography remains central. In 6G networks, combinations of AES, RSA, and Quantum Key Distribution coupled with edge computing yield transfer rates of 800-1200 with data rates measured in Gbps and performance ratings between 3.8 and 4.5 on a 5-point scale. Other studies focus on hybrid approaches--combining cryptography with steganography in video transmission or using Elliptic Curve Cryptography in IoT healthcare--to address shortcomings of earlier methods, particularly in scalability and the ability to operate in resource-constrained environments. The literature outlines a progressive evolution through distinct developmental stages: An initial foundation rooted in traditional cryptographic principles; the integration of steganography and low-complexity algebraic techniques to improve efficiency and address emerging cybersecurity challenges; and the subsequent adoption of quantum-resistant and AI-enhanced methods tailored for high-speed, domain-specific applications such as 6G networks, IoT systems, and healthcare environments. These studies document that modern secure data transmission evolves by addressing internal limitations--such as computational constraints and key management issues--and external pressures from an expanding and dynamic threat landscape, paving the way for increasingly robust and tailored solutions. In addition to the analytical survey, this study proposes and evaluates a lightweight timestamp-based AES key refresh mechanism for secure data transmission. The model dynamically regenerates symmetric encryption keys at fixed time intervals using synchronized system timestamps. Experimental simulations were conducted with key update intervals of 30s, 10s, and 5s, measuring message delivery success, decryption latency, and key mismatch rates. The results show that a 10-second key refresh interval achieves a 98.5 percent message success rate with minimal latency overhead, offering an effective balance between forward secrecy and performance in real-time IoT communication environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Secure Communication, AES Encryption, Timestamp-Based Key Generation, Key Refresh Mechanism, IoT Security, Dynamic Cryptographic Protocols, Lightweight Encryption, Data Integrity, Key Management, Cryptography, Steganography, 6G Networks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Eco-friendly Event Furniture

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition