Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Neem leaf was used in the formulation of the herbal soap. All herbalsubstances can be found in the nearby herbal market with ease. The useof cosmetics is a part of taking care of the skin and other body partsbecause of the negative effects of today's pollution and UV rays on the human body. Aloe plants generate a material that is used in cosmeticgoods to treat burns, psoriasis, acne, and other skin disorders. Herbalsoap preparation is a medication or therapy with therapeutic benefitsfor the skin, including antibacterial and antifungal qualities.

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 Keywords

Herbal Soap, Neem, Hibiscus, Vitamin E, Aloe Vera, Turmeric, Rose Water, Soap Base, Orange Oil.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Rapid advancement of digital technologies and the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution have significancy transformed many sectors including education. This transformation has led to the development of education 4.0, a new educational paradigm that integrated advanced technologies and innovative learning methodologies to meet the demands of the modern work force. Higher educational institutions (HEI)S are increasingly adopting education 4.0 to enhance teaching, learning, research and student engagement. This paper examines the concept of education 4.0 its key technologies, its impact on higher education and challenges faced by institutions in implementing it. The study concludes that education 4.0 has the potential to revolutionize higher education by promoting personalized learning, digital literacy and industry relevant skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Education 4.0, Higher Education, Digital Learning, Technology in Education, Industry 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Aquatic ecosystem, molluscs, diversity, bioindicators, gastropoda.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the class and social changes in Kazuo Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day focusing on how it shows the problems in the British class system. The novel is set in a large English house that is slowly losing its importance after World War II and it shows how the power of rich and noble families becomes weaker over time. Through the character of Stevens, the butler, the writer shows how servants were expected to be loyal and obedient. When a new American owner takes control of the house, Stevens finds it hard to adjust. This shows the big social changes happening in Britain after the war. Overall, the novel talks about class, social change, and how old traditions slowly disappear. The findings highlight that the British class system was slowly breaking down, aristocracy were declining, people struggled to accept social change and traditional master-servant relationships were no longer strong or respected.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social, Cultural, Loyalty, Butler, Aristocratic, Transformation, Professional

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the media industry, revolutionizing how content is created, distributed, and consumed. AI is transforming the media organization in every aspect. This study explores the Role of AI in media organizations, focusing on its opportunities, challenges, ethical and future implications. Through qualitative case studies of leading media entities the research examines real-world examples of AI adoption in leading media organizations. Key findings reveal that AI enhances efficiency in content creation through tools like automated journalism and video editing, personalizes content distribution via recommendation, and improves audience engagement using chat bots and social media monitoring. However, their adoption also raises critical questions about ethical concerns related to bias, transparency, and data privacy, as well as the potential displacement of traditional roles in media. The Research underscores AI's dual role as both a catalyst for innovation and a source of disruption in media organizations. It recommends strategic investments in workforce training and ethical AI frameworks to balance efficiency gains with societal responsibilities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Journalism, Chatbots, Ethics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: The United Nations (UN) adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a collection of 17 objectives intended to change the world over the next 15 years, on September 25, 2015. These objectives are meant to wipe out environmental degradation, end poverty, stop injustice to women and bring about a period of progress for everyone, everywhere. Goal-4 of the sustainable development says about education which play an important role to achieve other Sustainable Development Goals. The SDG-5 is solely focused on strengthening women and girls and attaining gender equality. To promote inclusive and peaceful societies for sustainable development, the SDG-16 seeks to eradicate child abuse, exploitation, trafficking, and all other forms of harassment and torture. Sexual Harassment against women at institutions are in news, and this SDG goals aims to reduce this harassment and related repercussion on women. To achieve sustainable development goals fully sexual harassment of women at universities must be prevented. This Harassment includes both physical and psychological harassment. Treating women with respect is also a precondition for eradicating sexual harassment. Any behaviour that controls and upholds traditional patriarchy norms is considered as a type of harassment. Sexual harassment directly affects women development. The widespread and deeply ingrained problem of harassment against women in the workplace continues to jeopardize women's development addition to violating their constitutional rights. The Vishakha Guidelines and the sexual harassment of women at workplace (prevention, prohibition and redressal) Act 2013 are example of positive legal advance. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without the full participation of women in the field of education. Whereas in other words we can say that sustainable development goals cannot be achieved until sexual harassment against women is stopped at universities.

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Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals, Sexual Harassment, Women, University and equality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The study focuses on the genius Loci of a urban context that is the religion in an Indian city. An urban space discussed in the research is predominantly a street. A Street carries sensory network of the entire Culture, Economic status, and Display forum for any City. But in an Indian context a very important aspect that binds all these together is the Religious show. As Street has been the symbol of any potential growth they are the platform for performance of Religion. Many take Advantage of this aspect such as it street shrines, procession, Cultural display all in the name of spiritual practices gain a lot of political interest, Economic opportunities and Social Interests. This glorification is extremely seen in religious activities. This kind of showcase is seen mostly on the streets because it elements of city where all kind of users irrespective of caste, class, occupation, gender are present for various reasons. While we discuss the religion on street it doesn't have to be a magnificent temple or mosque or a church, in fact a small stone and a tree make genius loci and the users glorify even that too. Whether they are inclusive element for urban fabric and Modern Street has always been an argument. This Study will review the literature on how the religious practices are the vessels that carry the indigenous quality of the Indian street that makes it unique and a reason for survival.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Urban Street, Street Shrine, Religious activities, Characteristics, Display Forum, Catalyst

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Microorganisms living in the subgingival biofilm interact intricately in periodontal disorders, which are polymicrobial diseases. The complex nature of periodontal disease was not explained by conventional methods based on the identification of particular bacteria. In order to overcome this restriction, Socransky and associates developed the idea of microbial complexes in 1998, classifying subgingival bacteria into color-coded complexes based on their ecological connections and correlation with periodontal health or illness. While the orange complex acted as a vital link between early colonizers and pathogenic species, the red complex organisms showed the strongest association with periodontal destruction. This classification has improved our knowledge of the development of biofilms and the course of periodontal disease. The Socransky microbial complexes continue to be a useful therapeutic and educational paradigm for comprehending periodontal biofilm ecology despite developments in molecular microbiology. This review provides a concise and student-friendly overview of the microbial complexes and their clinical significance.

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Periodontal pathogens, microbial complexes, Socransky complexes, red complex, dental plaque biofilm

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Following the international success of the Booker Prize-winning novel The White Tiger, Aravind Adiga emerged as a prominent voice in contemporary Indian fiction. Rather than celebrating the narrative of a prosperous and progressive "India Shining," Adiga is recognized for his portrayal of the nation's social inequalities and systemic flaws. His second novel, Last Man in Tower, presents a critical examination of the erosion of moral values and ethical principles in modern Indian society. While The White Tiger exposes the darker realities of life in Delhi, Last Man in Tower explores the power struggles and socio-economic conflicts that characterize Mumbai. The novel highlights how real-estate developers exploit ordinary citizens and acquire land under the pretext of globalization and urban development.Through his fiction, Adiga articulates a clear critique of contemporary political and social structures. He portrays Indian society as being deeply entangled in networks of political corruption, social injustice, and institutional failures. This study examines how dominant socio-political forces, including caste, religion, democracy, and the justice system, often fail to support or empower the protagonists of his novels despite their longstanding presence within the framework of governance. Furthermore, the analysis explores themes such as corruption, bureaucratic inefficiency, and the breakdown of justice. Although Adiga's works are fictional, they offer a realistic representation of the political and social challenges that continue to shape contemporary India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bureaucracy, Democracy, Humiliation, Poverty, Conflict, Corruption, Justice, and Political Power.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are the communication backbone of modern Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), enabling real-time communication among vehicles, roadside infrastructure, pedestrians, and cloud services. VANETs can improve traffic efficiency, autonomous driving, and road safety, but their wireless communication channels are highly susceptible to attacks, including jamming that can disrupt the network and affect availability. Traditional security solutions, such as cryptographic and rule-based intrusion detection systems, are unable to detect complex and adaptive jamming techniques in highly dynamic vehicular environments. In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques have emerged, enabling intelligent attack identification and mitigation. Ensemble machine learning techniques have shown better performance by fusing multiple learning models to enhance detection accuracy, robustness, and generalization. This survey provides a thorough overview of the state of the art in AI-based jamming attack detection for VANETs, with a focus on ensemble learning. It analyzes various jamming attack models, machine learning algorithms, deep learning frameworks, and hybrid ensemble techniques for securing V2X communications. It also covers public datasets, evaluation criteria, implementation issues, and new research fields such as Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), federated learning, edge intelligence, and V2X security in the context of 6G. Finally, the survey reveals gaps in current research and points to opportunities for future research and development of scalable, intelligent, and robust Secure-V2X systems to counter emerging jamming attacks in future vehicular networks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Secure-V2X, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), Jamming Attacks, Cybersecurity, Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition