Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The economic reforms initiated by the Government of India about two decades ago have changed the landscape of several sectors of the Indian economy. The Indian banking sector is no exception. This sector is going through major changes as a consequence of economic reforms. The role of banking industry is very important as one of the leading and mostly essential service sector. India is the largest economy in the world having more than 120 core population. Today in India the service sector is contributing half of the Indian GDP and the banking is most popular service sector in India. The significant role of banking industry is essential to speed up the social economic development. Banks plays an important role in the economic development of developing countries. Economic development involves investment in various sectors of the economy. The economic reforms have also generated new and powerful customers (huge Indian middle class) and new mix of players (public sector units, private banks, and foreign banks).they are also nationalization to privatization of banks and now increasing numbers of foreign banks in India. In this paper an attempt has been made to identify the general sentiments, challenges and opportunities for the Indian Banking Industry. This article is divided in three parts. First part includes the introduction and structure of Indian banking industry. The second part discusses the various challenges and opportunities faced by Indian banking.

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 Keywords

Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization, Governance, Risk Management, Associate, Grievances,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Performance management is a critical function in human resource management that influences employee development, organizational productivity, and overall success. This paper explores the relationship between performance management and employee development by analyzing key performance management practices, their effectiveness, and the role of feedback mechanisms in employee growth. The study further examines how organizations can implement robust performance management systems to enhance employee skills, motivation, and career advancement. The research is based on a comprehensive review of literature, industry case studies, and theoretical frameworks that connect performance management to employee development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Performance Management, Employee Development, Feedback Mechanisms, Career Growth, Human Resource Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and generative algorithms into fashion illustration is reshaping creative workflows, expanding accessibility to design tools, and challenging traditional aesthetic boundaries. This paper explores the diverse opportunities presented by AI-generated fashion illustrations across design education, product development, personalization, and sustainable innovation. Simultaneously, it critically examines ethical challenges, including authorship, originality, labor displacement, cultural appropriation, and algorithmic bias. Employing a qualitative mixed-method approach and a review of advanced AI models such as GANs, diffusion models, and transformers, the study proposes the F.A.S.H.I.O.N. AI Ethics Framework to guide responsible integration. The research contributes a globally contextualized and original taxonomy of AI in fashion illustration--an area previously under-examined in academic literature.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Generative Fashion Illustration, Fashion Design Technology, AI Ethics, Sustainable Innovation, Cultural Appropriation, Digital Creativity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The terms "environment" is used in different senses. In broad sense, environment means everything external to an organism that affects it. Environmental pollution has direct as well as indirect effects on human health. The World Health organization in its report has emphasized that diseases can be prevented through healthy environment. WHO report that more than 33% of diseases in children below 5yrs.are due to Environmental exposures? Environmental pollutants can cause health problems like respiratory diseases, heart disease, and some types of cancer. People with low incomes are more likely to live in polluted areas and have unsafe drinking water. Anthropogenic air pollution is one of biggest public health hazards worldwide, given that it accounts for about 9 million deaths per year. So in this paper, researcher attempts to study how Environmental Air pollution impacts the human health problems basically of North East India.

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 Keywords

Environmental, Pollution, Human health, Diseases and Income.

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Urban flooding was considered a concern of municipal and local governance only till the 1990s,but currently it draws the attention of disaster and environmental scientists. Urban floods have attained the status of disaster due to high vulnerability and risks. It leads to extreme fatalities and enormous economical losses in every country. Especially in developing countries like India, where population density is high and has enormous population growth during the last few decades due to high migration in urban areas and have a lot of issues about uncontrolled and inappropriate development .Flood is a phenomenon occurring from time to time in all rivers. An attempt has been made in this project to study the rainfall in urban areas & the effects area and solution of flash floods.

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 Keywords

Frequency, Extreme rainfall depth, Depth area duration, Probable maximum temperature, Rate of infiltration, Infiltration Capacity, initial infiltration capacity, limiting constant value of infiltration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Deep learning is one of the most prominent areas of machine learning that relies entirely on artificial neural networks. Since neural networks are designed to replicate the functioning of the human brain, deep learning may also be thought of as a form of brain mimicking. Owing to its capacity for data-driven learning, deep learning (DL) technology--which has its roots in artificial neural networks (ANNs)--has gained significant traction in the computer community and finds extensive use across a wide range of industries, including the field of cybersecurity, health care, visual identification, and text analytics. However, it is not easy to develop a suitable deep learning model because of its dynamic nature of data. In many different fields, deep learning approaches have become successful tools for resolving challenging issues.This paper offers a systematic and thorough analysis of deep learning approaches, which includes a nomenclature that takes into account different kinds of real-world challenges, such as supervised and unsupervised ones. Moreover, this article also includes a deep study of the core deep learning approaches, with particular emphasis on generative adversarial networks (GANs), long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Deep learning methods still have difficulties with interpretability, resilience to adversarial attacks, and scalability to big datasets, despite their amazing success. More explainable models, adversarial training for increased robustness, and effective training methods on large-scale datasets are some of the areas of future research. To gain a competitive edge in the future, organisations aiming to utilise artificial intelligence must comprehend and effectively utilise deep learning methodologies.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, Deep learning, SVM, KNN

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The exponential growth of Online Social Media (OSM) platforms has provided users with dynamic means of communication, content sharing, and interaction. However, this growth has also attracted malicious entities that exploit these platforms for spamming, spreading misinformation, and executing fraudulent activities. Traditional content-based and user-behavioral spam detection techniques often fall short in detecting sophisticated spam patterns. In response, network-based approaches have gained significant traction by leveraging the structural and relational properties of social networks. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of network-centric methodologies used in spam detection, including graph-based models, community detection algorithms, propagation patterns, and trust networks. The paper categorizes and analyzes the state-of-the-art techniques, evaluates their strengths and limitations, and highlights emerging trends in network science applied to OSM spam detection. Furthermore, it discusses real-world datasets, performance metrics, and the integration of hybrid frameworks combining machine learning with network-based insights. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners aiming to develop robust and scalable spam detection systems in the dynamic landscape of online social platforms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Online Social Media (OSM), Spam Detection, Network-Based Approaches, Graph Theory, Community Detection, Propagation Modeling, Trust Networks, Hybrid Frameworks, Machine Learning, Social Network Analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Makoto Shinkai is a Japanese writer, animator and director who has produced several renowned work of animation. Shinkai's films are known for its blend between reality and fantasy elements. He often incorporates fictional elements with reality to add layers of intrigue and complexity to the narrative. The adaptations produced by Shinkai have often left the audience speechless and star gazed. The objective of this paper is to study the works of Makoto Shinkai through the lens of post modernism, analyze the technique of adaptation to compare how it has evolved over the years and how his works blends with the era of post modernism. This work was analyzed from the perspective of use of history, intertextuality, pastiche, subversion of facts of information and open endedness. This study will also compare the works of Makoto Shinkai to other contemporaries to see how his style of modern adaptation sets him apart from other animators and directors. Lastly the study will follow a qualitative approach to scrutinize Shinkai's work based on post modern elements.

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Keywords: Post Modern, Fragmentation, Magic Realism, Hybridity, Pastiche.

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The construction industry plays a vital role globally, with rapid development leading to an accelerated consumption of naturally available construction materials. Simultaneously, vast quantities of waste are generated each year, much of which is non-recyclable. Even when recycling is possible, the process often demands substantial energy and contributes to environmental pollution. Additionally, the accumulation and disposal of such waste, particularly in suburban areas, pose significant ecological threats. Incorporating waste materials into concrete production offers a sustainable solution--reducing waste and potentially enhancing the properties of concrete. This project involves an experimental investigation aimed at evaluating the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of M20 grade concrete when cement, fine aggregates, and coarse aggregates are individually replaced with fly ash, steel slag, and recycled aggregates at varying proportions (10%, 20%, and 30%). The results indicate that such replacements can be made up to the mentioned percentages without compromising the compressive strength of the concrete. Furthermore, after identifying the optimal replacement percentage for each material individually, a combined replacement is carried out to assess the overall performance and compressive strength of concrete incorporating all three materials simultaneously.

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 Keywords

Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Split Strength, fly ash, steel slag, recycled aggregates.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) is an important vegetable crop cultivated across diverse agro-climatic regions for its nutritional, economic, and cultural value. This review outlines the current production and management practices along with emerging trends shaping the future of pumpkin farming. Conventional practices include careful site selection, land preparation, use of high-yielding and disease-resistant varieties, and balanced nutrient application guided by soil testing. Efficient irrigation management, integrated pest and disease control strategies, and effective pollination methods also play key roles in ensuring optimum yield and fruit quality. Post-harvest handling, including proper curing and storage, further contributes to marketability and shelf life. In recent years, innovative and sustainable approaches have begun to influence pumpkin cultivation. The adoption of organic farming, use of bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides, and the development of improved hybrid varieties are enhancing crop performance while reducing environmental impact. Precision farming tools, such as soil sensors and GPS-guided irrigation systems, are improving input efficiency. Additionally, climate-resilient practices and smart irrigation technologies are becoming essential in adapting to unpredictable weather patterns. Together, these emerging trends present new opportunities to improve productivity, sustainability, and profitability in pumpkin production. This paper highlights both existing methods and future directions to support informed decision-making in the cultivation of pumpkins.

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 Keywords

Pumpkin production and management: current practices and emerging trends.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition