Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The water bodies like rivers, lakes, backwaters and estuaries are continuously subjected to human induced changes affecting them adversely. Addition of undesirable substances from various sources into the river water causes alteration in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water and leads to conditions which disturb the ecological balance. The pollution of river water results in deleterious effects causing hazards to human health, hindrance to aquatic life. Cremation of dead bodies at river bank is a usual practice which is further deteriorating the quality of river water. The objective of the present study is to analysis the water pollution status of river Ramganga. In the preliminary analysis, the survey of river revealed that there is a common practice of natives regarding the disposal of waste water and toxic wastes in it. The present study carried out in river Ramganga at Aonwla district, India, to assess the extent of pollution by different industrial and domestic activities. The findings showed that pollution caused an extreme change in chemical quality and physical properties of Ramganga River. The pollution level of River Ramganga was evaluated by collecting and analyzing the water sample from different places (stretch of about 70-75 km) with a View to study the physical, chemical and biological characteristics and to investigate the factors responsible for causing pollution. The study can also help in formulating remedial measures.

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 Keywords

Pollution, physico-chemical analysis, water, Ramganga, water quality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

problem of waste management in urban areas. Effective waste management is essential for maintaining a clean environment and reducing pollution. Traditional waste segregation methods are inefficient and require significant human intervention. This project presents an automated system for segregating dry and wet garbage using ESP32, along with real-time monitoring of bin levels through a GSM module. The system utilizes a rain sensor to detect moisture in the waste, classifying it as either wet or dry. Based on this classification, a servo motor directs the waste to its respective compartment. An ultrasonic sensor monitors the garbage bin's fill level, and when the bin is nearly full, the system triggers a buzzer and sends an SMS alert via a GSM module to notify the user. The primary goal of this project is to automate waste segregation and improve waste disposal efficiency by minimizing human involvement. This IoT-based solution is low-cost, scalable, and can be integrated into smart city initiatives to enhance urban waste management. The system is designed to be simple and adaptable, providing real-time updates, ensuring timely bin emptying, and reducing environmental impact through efficient waste recycling. Overall, this system offers an innovative approach to tackling the growing

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 Keywords

SMARTBIN, GSM module, ESP32 microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sentiment analysis is the computational process of identifying and categorizing opinions expressed in text to determine whether the writer's attitude is positive, negative, or neutral. As a key component of Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis plays a vital role in understanding public opinion, especially across social media platforms, product reviews, and customer feedback. While traditional machine learning models like Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Random Forests have been widely used for sentiment classification, they face limitations in capturing contextual and semantic nuances. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly in architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have significantly improved the performance and accuracy of sentiment analysis tasks. This study presents a comparative analysis of both traditional and deep learning techniques on the Amazon Fine Food Reviews dataset, evaluating their effectiveness in sentiment classification across full documents, individual sentences, and aspect-based (topic-specific) sentiments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning, Deep Learning, LSTM, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, LSTM, Sentiment Analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Skin aging is complex biological process influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic and exogenous or extrinsic factors (chronic light exposure ,pollution ionizing radiation ,chemical toxins) .

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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL ANTI-AGING CREAM BY SWEET POTATO

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: Today's artificial intelligence is one of the important and newest concepts to learn and research. In artificial intelligence one of the most important and latest innovations is ChatGPT. The objectives of this research paper is awareness and utilization of ChatGPT by the university students. This study used survey method and randomly collected students responses from with google forms. A sample size of 50 representing different responses to these interactions with ChatGPT. And from the result there was a positive response about using of ChatGPT. The study suggests that the usage of ChatGPT can increase students motivation to learn. These findings highlight the potential benefits of AI tools like ChatGPT in improving students learning experience and motivating them to learn.

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 Keywords

Awareness, Utilization. Artificial Intelligence, ChatGPT, Sri Venkateswara University, Students.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Indian banking system forms an important part of the country's financial infrastructure, playing a pivotal role in the economic growth and development. Banks actively involve in expanding financial access to the customers. They provide various payment and withdrawal services, including ATMs, online banking and mobile banking. The main aim of the study is to highlight different types of ATMs in India and to analyse the growth of Onsite and Offsite ATMs of last five years. The study is based on secondary data.

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 Keywords

Financial infrastructure, ATM, Onsite ATM, Offsite ATM

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The proposed work leverages blockchain technology to ensure the authenticity and integrity of organic food products across the supply chain. The process begins with farmers recording details about their produce, including origin, cultivation methods, and certifications. These records are securely stored in the blockchain, where the decentralized structure ensures data remains immutable, safeguarding it against tampering. As the produce progresses to the processing stage, additional information is documented, such as dispatch dates, processing activities (e.g., sorting, washing, or packaging), and acquired certifications. Each update is added to the blockchain, creating a transparent, tamper-proof ledger of events. Once processing is complete, the goods are sent to distributors. Key details, including the dispatch date and distributor information, are securely recorded. To ensure end-to-end traceability, each batch of goods is assigned a unique QR code containing its full history. Scanning this QR code directs users to a secure website that provides comprehensive batch details, including its origin and processing timeline. This proposed system enhances consumer trust by offering full transparency and ensures the authenticity of organic products through blockchain's secure and immutable structure. By preventing data tampering, it sets a higher standard for verifying organic food products and maintaining supply chain integrity.

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 Keywords

Smart contract, Supply Chain, Traceability, Blockchain, Decentralized, Ethereum, Proof of Stake

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The evolution of smart vehicles demands advanced monitoring systems capable of real-time data acquisition, processing, and predictive analysis to enhance safety, efficiency, and performance [1], [2]. This paper presents a compact, low-cost predictive analysis system using Raspberry Pi Zero to monitor critical vehicle parameters [3]. The proposed system integrates various sensors, including a resistive loop-based fuel level sensor, a pressure sensor, and a LIDAR-based tyre level sensor [6], [7]. These sensors provide real-time feedback on fuel availability, pressure variations, and tyre conditions, enabling predictive maintenance and reducing potential breakdowns [4], [5]. The Raspberry Pi controller processes the sensor data and displays it on an LCD module while transmitting it to an IoT-based mobile application for remote access and control [1], [9]. The vehicle's motion is managed using an L298 motor driver, allowing the system to simulate autonomous navigation [2]. Additionally, a light positioning system is implemented, where the front light dynamically turns in the direction of vehicle movement to improve visibility during operation [8]. This light control is also managed through a motor driver interfaced with the Raspberry Pi. The entire system is powered by a portable battery source, ensuring mobility and real-world applicability [10]. By leveraging Python programming and IoT communication, the system provides a scalable platform for smart vehicle monitoring and control [3], [9]. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of predictive analytics in detecting abnormal conditions, ensuring timely alerts, and enhancing the overall intelligence of the vehicle [4]. This approach holds potential for future integration into autonomous and semi-autonomous transport systems [5].

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 Keywords

Raspberry Pi Zero, Predictive Analysis, Vehicle Monitoring, Fuel Level Sensor, Pressure Sensor, Tyre Level Detection, LIDAR, IoT Control, Motor Driver, Light Positioning System, Real-time Data, Smart Vehicle.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative tools in education, providing new avenues for immersive and interactive learning experiences. At its core, VR offers a departure from the tangible, allowing users to explore into an environment transcending conventional reality. VR's essence is captured in three pillars: presence, interactivity, and immersion. Presence grants users access to previously unreachable 3D landscapes, facilitating a unique, experiential insight. Interactivity kindles user curiosity, enabling dynamic engagements within the virtual milieu. Immersion pushes the boundaries of conventional experiences, reviving or manifesting phenomena outside the realm of everyday life. This paper analyses different theory of virtual reality and evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality based environment in education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Virtual Reality, Constructivism, Social Learning, Digital literacy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sorghum bicolor is increasingly recognized as a climate-resilient cereal crop with high nutritional value and diverse industrial applications. Rich in dietary fiber, resistant starch, polyphenols, and essential micronutrients, sorghum holds significant promise for enhancing food and nutrition security, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Despite its potential, its utilization remains underexplored in comparison to major cereals like wheat and rice. This review adopts a systematic approach to synthesize scientific literature published between 2000 and 2024, using databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Keywords included "Sorghum bicolor," "nutritional composition," "bioactive compounds," "processing technologies," and "functional foods." Studies focusing on compositional analysis, processing innovations, health benefits, and product development were critically assessed and categorized. The review reveals that Sorghum bicolor is a rich source of carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic acids, tannins, and antioxidants, which contribute to its health-promoting properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-lowering effects. Emerging processing technologies such as extrusion, fermentation, germination, and micronization have significantly improved sorghum's bioavailability, functional properties, and sensory characteristics. Furthermore, value-added sorghum-based products are gaining popularity in gluten-free and nutraceutical markets. Sorghum bicolor represents a nutritionally rich, sustainable alternative to conventional cereals. Continued research into advanced processing methods and product development is essential for enhancing its global acceptance and marketability. Strategic interventions in food science, policy, and public awareness can unlock its full potential as a nutritional and functional food ingredient in the 21st century.

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 Keywords

Sorghum, Nutritional, Processing techniques, Functional foods, Biofortification

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition