Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Rashtriya Shiksha Neeti-2020 ke Pariprekshya mein Shikshak Shiksha: Usmein Nihit Adhigamkarta Kendrit Drishtikon aur Chunautiyan

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Rashtriya Shiksha Neeti-2020 ke Pariprekshya mein Shikshak Shiksha: Usmein Nihit Adhigamkarta Kendrit Drishtikon aur Chunautiyan

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Abstract: The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, enacted in 2012, represents a significant legislative effort to safeguard children from sexual offences in India. However, the judicial interpretation of the Act through various landmark judgments has played a crucial role in shaping its implementation and understanding. This research paper critically analyses key judicial decisions that have influenced the scope, application, and effectiveness of the POCSO Act. It explores how courts have addressed issues like consent, age determination, procedural safeguards, and overlaps with other laws such as IPC. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolving jurisprudence under the POCSO Act.

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Keywords: POCSO Act, Judicial Interpretation, Landmark Judgments, Child Protection, Indian Judiciary, Consent, Legal Safeguards

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Inclusive education is an essential component of contemporary educational methods, it aims to give all students, including those with special needs, fair access to the teaching-learning process. It fosters an environment where diversity is renowned and every learner is supported to achieve their fullest potential. Among the various tools available for teaching-learning approaches to enhance inclusive education, music stands out as a universal medium capable of bridging cognitive, emotional and social gaps. This thematic paper examines the role of music as a teaching-learning technique tailored to the unique needs of students in inclusive classrooms. Also, it explores how music can address diverse learning styles, promoting active engagement and fostering a sense of belonging among students with special needs. It highlights its potential to reduce anxiety, enhance self-expression, and improve collaboration in inclusive settings. Furthermore, the study delves into the cognitive benefits of music, including its impact on enhancing attention span, problem-solving abilities and academic performance. Despite its advantages, significant challenges impede the seamless integration of music into inclusive education. These include the lack of teacher training in music-based pedagogy, limited access to resources and the absence of structured curricula that incorporate music effectively. The necessity of effective training programs for teachers that provide educators the know-how to employ music as an engaging teaching-learning instrument is emphasized in this research. It also advocates for the inclusion of assistive technologies to support students with varied needs and abilities. Through a review of best practices, this study provides actionable strategies for integrating music into the inclusive classroom, aiming to empower educators and students alike. By addressing the challenges and opportunities of music in inclusive education, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on innovative teaching-learning methods. This study reaffirms that music, when thoughtfully integrated, has the potential to enrich the educational experiences of students with special needs, promoting not only academic success but also emotional and social well-being.

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Adapting, Music, Teaching-Learning, Techniques, Special Needs, Inclusive Education

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This paper explores the two most common methods of graph representation--adjacency matrices and adjacency lists--discussing their structures, time and space complexities, and real-world applications. We also evaluate the trade-offs between these representations and suggest optimal usage scenarios. Graph theory plays a foundational role in computer science and data structures, enabling the modeling of complex systems through nodes (vertices) and relationships (edges). The effectiveness and efficiency of graph-based algorithms are directly influenced by how graphs are represented. This paper explores the core methods of graph representation -- including adjacency matrices, adjacency lists, and edge lists -- and analyzes their strengths and trade-offs in different contexts such as sparse vs. dense graphs, static vs. dynamic systems, and algorithmic use-cases. Further, the paper delves into specialized graph types such as directed, undirected, weighted, bipartite, and planar graphs, highlighting how representation affects computation and memory optimization

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GRAPH, BFS , DFS, Graph Traversal,*Adjacency Matrix

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Festivals represent a dynamic intersection of cultural celebration and spatial identity, connecting communities to both tradition and modernity. They occupy unique locations within the urban landscape, playing a vital role in shaping the identity of a place. This research explores how festivals, as powerful tools of celebration, contribute to the creation of a collective urban identity using urban commons and the city's image. Festivals serve as spectacles that enhance the perception of a "kinetic city," where movement and cultural expression shape the urban experience. In contrast, a "static city" often prioritizes architectural structures but lacks designated public spaces for celebration. This study examines the relationship between festival locations in the kinetic city and their potential application in the static city. Through qualitative interviews, the research captures how festival-goers perceive the city and explores how celebrations influence their perceptions. Drawing from theories of festival culture and the experience of place, the study highlights how urban commons can forge a distinct festival identity, balancing tradition with change in the evolving urban landscape.

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Place Identity, Festival perception, Placemaking, urban commons, city image.

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This paper examines B. R. Ambedkar's reconception of dharma as a secular duty within a modern republic. It rejects the ritual- and caste-based prescriptions of Vedic orthodoxy and reframes dharma as universal principles grounded in reason, human dignity and social justice. Drawing on Ambedkar's Riddles in Hinduism [1], Annihilation of Caste [2], Buddha and His Dhamma [3], and his Constituent Assembly speeches [4], it traces his critique of ritual dharma, adoption of Buddhist rationalism and constitutional embedding of secular dharma. This study uncovers how Ambedkar's vision supplies a robust ethical foundation for a pluralistic state committed to equality and justice.

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Ambedkar; Ambedkarite Dharma; Secular Dharma; Constitutional Dharma; Social Justice

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The News Sentiment Analysis Dashboard is an interactive tool designed to analyze and visualize sentiment trends in news articles using Python-based natural language processing (NLP) techniques. By integrating the News API, the dashboard fetches relevant articles on various topics and applies sentiment analysis using the VADER model to classify articles as positive, neutral, or negative. Additionally, it leverages topic modeling to uncover thematic patterns within the news, named entity recognition to highlight key individuals and organizations, and word cloud representations to showcase frequently occurring terms. To enhance interpretability, the system provides dynamic visualizations, including time-series sentiment graphs, sentiment classification distributions, named entity frequency charts, and geolocation heatmaps for geopolitical mentions. Users can interact with the dashboard, enter specific topics of interest, and retrieve comprehensive analytical insights in real time. This paper serves as a valuable tool for media analysts, researchers, and anyone interested in tracking sentiment trends across news coverage. By offering a structured and visually compelling overview of media narratives, it aids in understanding public perception, news bias, and emerging global discussions

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NLP, VANDER Model

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In recent years, India has witnessed a paradigmatic shift in its political landscape, driven in large part by the penetration of digital technologies and the rapid growth of social media. This paper examines the emergence of "digital populism" in Indian politics, a phenomenon wherein political actors employ digital platforms not only for communication but also for the consolidation of power, personalization of leadership, and strategic mobilization of emotions. While social media has democratized information flow and opened avenues for greater civic participation, it has simultaneously enabled disinformation, polarization, and algorithmic manipulation. Through a critical engagement with existing literature, empirical case studies, and theoretical frameworks, this research seeks to unravel how Indian political parties--particularly the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)--have weaponized social media to construct populist narratives that thrive on a direct, unmediated relationship between leaders and "the people." The paper argues that Indian democracy is now navigating an era where digital populism is becoming a dominant mode of political engagement--one that challenges the norms of deliberative democracy and raises urgent questions about transparency, accountability, and the future of political discourse.

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Keywords- Social media, Campaign, Politics, Party, Election.

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Cold Cream was first invented by Galen a famous Greek physician pharmacist in the Roman Empire of First century AD.Cold Cream is an emulsion of water and fat used cosmetically for softening and cleansing the skin. To formulate and evaluate cold cream from natural ingredients such as Borax, Rose water, etc. Cream was prepared by using Natural Ingredients which have not side effect on skin. Borax eradicate skin bacteria and remove dead skin cells and excess oil, Beeswax that helps the oil penetrate the skin.Rose water is used as favouring agent, Cream was formulated and evaluated by different evaluation parameters such as During the research study period, the cream formulation demonstrated good consistency and, Morphological Evaluation, Stability Test Stability, Irritability Test, pH, non-greasy properties, and no signs of phase separation. Pharmaceutical creams are used for a number of aesthetic purposes, including cleansing, beautifying, modifying look, moisturising, etc. They also protect the skin from bacterial and fungal infections and can be used to treat skin injuries including burns, cuts, and wounds. The general population and society can safely employ these semi-solid preparations. The products used to enhance and beautify human appearances are known as cosmetics. The current study's objective was to design and assess cold creams that contained plant extracts made utilising the water in oil method for the goal of moisturising and nourishing the skin. Bees wax and Borax extract are used to make the cold cream. Utilising several evaluation techniques, the created product's quality was evaluated. There was no discernible change in the created cream's viscosity, aroma, or visual appearance during the research period, according to stability measures. As the water in the emulsion slowly evaporates, the cooling and calming effects of the with cold cream are produced. Cold creams are more moisturising because they create an oily barrier to stop the loss of water from the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. They are water-in-oil emulsion and intended for application on skin or accessible mucous membrane to provide localized and sometimes systemic effect at the site of application. Since the beginning of time, creams have been valued as essential topical preparations in cosmetic products because of how simple it is to apply and remove them from the skin Pharmaceutical creams are used for a number of aesthetic purposes, including cleansing, beautifying, modifying look, moisturising, etc. They also protect the skin from bacterial and fungal infections and can be used to treat skin injuries including burns, cuts, and wounds. The general population and society can safely employ these semi-solid preparations. The products used to enhance and beautify human appearances are known as cosmetics. The current study's objective was to design and assess cold creams that contained plant extracts made utilising the water in oil method for the goal of moisturising and nourishing the skin. Cold creams are more moisturising because they create an oily barrier to stop the loss of water from the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. They are water-in-oil emulsion and intended for application on skin or accessible mucous membrane to provide localized and sometimes systemic effect at the site of application.

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Keywords: Formulation, Cold Cream, Antibacterial Activity, Stratum Corneum, Favouring Agent.

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Academic Performance has a significant influence on an individual's career and life. Academic Motivation and Socioeconomic Status (SES) are two internal and external factors respectively which could influence academic performance among other variables. This study aims to explore the impact of SES on academic motivation and its subsequent effect on academic performance among first-year college students from semi-urban and urban areas of Tamil Nadu, India. A purposive sample of 310 students (89 males and 221 females) was selected using a correlational and predictive research design. Data was collected Utilizing standardized tools the Modified Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale, the Short Academic Motivation Scale (SAMS), and the Academic Performance Scale. The results indicated significant differences in academic performance between semi-urban and urban students, with semi-urban students outperforming their urban counterparts. A significant positive correlation was found among SES, academic motivation, and academic performance. The multiple linear regression model, which explained the variance in academic performance, revealed that SES had the strongest predictive influence, while intrinsic motivation subscales such as intrinsic motivation to experience stimulation, intrinsic motivation to know, and intrinsic motivation toward accomplishment, also contributed positively to academic performance

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Socioeconomic Status, Academic Motivation, Academic Performance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition