Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Child labour continues to be an important developmental concern in India despite efforts made by the central and state governments during the post-independence period. In the global scenario India is being portrayed as a country in which the level of human capital development is very low. Due to various reasons in India children work at agriculture and industries instead of learning in schools. This creates a low level of human development in India. At large this affects on the economy of India. There is a significant relationship between the high numbers of child labourers and low numbers of school dropouts of children. Hence, the present study is placed in this context to analyse the relationship between rampant child labourers and high level of school dropouts in the district of Raichur in Karnataka state. A significant numbers of studies have been reviewed in this study to enhance the understanding of the problem of child labour. In order to fulfil the objectives of the study together qualitative and quantitative methods have been employed. Both questionnaires and interview methods are used to acquire the required primary data from the children, their parents and employers in the district of Raichur. As the present study clearly indicates that the majority of the children in Raichur district were working in agricultural sector. Among the remaining child labourers majority of the boys were involved in livestock rearing. As the analysis of the data indicated that parents of these children were lacking awareness due to that they do not send their children to schools, results in child labour. The working conditions of the child labourers in Raichur district were very poor and unhealthy.

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 Keywords

Child Labour, School Dropouts, Agricultural Labour, Economic Problems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The field of handwritten gesture recognition is experiencing rapid growth within artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), offering substantial opportunities in education, human-computer interaction, and digital note-taking. This paper presents an overview of the methodologies and strategies utilized in AI-ML models for recognizing and interpreting handwritten gestures, with a particular focus on mathematical symbols, numbers, and related gestures. Moreover, the impact of deep learning techniques on the accuracy and classification of gesture recognition is examined. Additionally, this study contributes to the development of more precise and optimized handwritten gesture recognition systems, ultimately enhancing applications in both academic and professional environments.

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 Keywords

Handwritten gesture recognition, Mathematical symbol interpretation, AI-ML techniques, Deep learning, Real-time handwriting recognition.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Unauthorized vehicle parking in designed no-parking zones poses significant challenges for city enforcement authorities. This paper proposes a smart parking enforcement system - Parkwise - which utilizes IR sensors, ESP32 and LoRaWiFi modules to detect unauthorized vehicles and instantly transmit vehicle information to a central monitoring center. The system enhances real-time surveillance, facilitates rapid enforcement and significantly improves traffic regulations in urban environments. As we progress with this project, we want to establish an intelligent parking system that can quickly handle disorganized parking.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart parking, Unauthorized parking detection, IR sensor, ESP32, Lora module, Real-time monitoring, Smart city.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The integration of artificial intelligence into creative fields has revolutionized the art world, allowing individuals with limited artistic skills to generate sophisticated visual content from simple inputs. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and implementation of AI-enhanced art generation, with a focus on OpenAI's DALL-E 3 model. DALL-E 3 represents a breakthrough in AI-driven art, combining language processing with advanced image synthesis to generate high-quality visuals from text prompts and rudimentary sketches. Leveraging the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express, React, Node.js), this project explores practical implementations that empower users to generate and customize artwork through a web-based interface, broadening accessibility for non-artists and expanding creative possibilities. Key AI-driven art models are reviewed, highlighting their development, applications, and limitations. The paper details the system architecture, frontend-backend integration, and real-time image generation workflows implemented to support user interactions with DALL-E 3. This paper aims to provide insights into the current landscape of AI in art, the technological challenges, and the promising future directions for AI-enhanced creative tools.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI-enhanced art, DALL-E 3, Generative AI, Text-to-image generation, MERN stack, Creative accessibility, Workflow, AI in art.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) is a natural sweetener that thrives in subtropical climates with long days and warm temperatures, making it a sustainable crop with high commercial potential. It grows best in well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soils and requires consistent moisture with proper drainage. Stevia can be propagated via seeds, stem cuttings, or tissue culture, with clonal propagation offering more consistent results. While Stevia does not demand heavy fertilization, balanced nutrient management enhances leaf yield and quality, with special attention to phosphorus and potassium levels. Water management is crucial, and drip irrigation is recommended to avoid waterlogging. Weed control, particularly in the initial stages, is vital for successful cultivation. Pest management may involve treating caterpillar infestations and fungal diseases, with appropriate chemical treatments. Stevia's harvesting typically occurs 90-110 days post-transplantation, with the leaves separated and dried to preserve their sweetness. The plant's primary sweetening compounds--stevioside and rebaudioside A--are extracted for use in food, beverages, and health products. Stevia is known for its medicinal properties, including regulation of blood sugar, support for diabetes management, and potential weight control benefits, making it a valuable alternative to sugar. Its use has grown significantly, especially in the food and beverage industry, where it serves as a low-calorie sweetener. The profitability of stevia farming is promising, with a high benefit-cost ratio and increasing demand for natural sweeteners. Challenges include its bitter aftertaste, which is being addressed through breeding and processing innovations. Stevia's market opportunities are expanding with collaborations across industries, and its sustainability is further enhanced by the utilization of by-products like stems and seeds for animal feed or fertilizer. Stevia is gaining global recognition for its health benefits, affordability, and versatility in food and industrial applications.

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Stevia, scientifically known as "Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni", it is a naturally sweet plant native to the Rio Monday valley in Paraguay's northeastern highlands. (Goyal et al., 2010). Often called sweet leaf, honey leaf, or candy leaf, this remarkable herb is gaining global popularity as a healthy alternative to sugar, especially for those watching their sugar and carbohydrate intake (Lemus-Mondaca et al., 2012). With zero calories, Stevia is becoming a favorite among health-consci

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 Abstract

Gender perspective in literature has been a great issue which emphasizes the importance of the social construction of the gender and the assignment of specific roles, responsibilities and expectations to men and women. Both the sexes must be given equal importance for a strong social set up but usually women fail to get their own identity in the male dominated society. Since time immemorial they have been relegated to secondary place in relation to male. Man suffers with male superiority that looks down upon the women and makes man 'absolute' and women 'subject', a silent sufferer. A vast majority of women is reconciled to a life of humiliation in the form of gender bias while performing the roles of wives, mothers etc. in the society they live in. In order to establish their identity and keeping in mind their subjugation in the hands of their male counterparts, the women have often tried to do away with supremacy of males; they are more attracted towards the same sex, giving rise to lesbian relationship. Ismat Chughtai, the great name of Urdu fiction is known for her indomitable spirit and other evolving conflicts in modern India, while resolutely refusing to bow to conventional norms, abstinence, and modesty. But Ismat Chughtal's "Lihaaf" foreshadows the idea of exploitations of another corporal body to fulfil one's desires. The story epitomizes the excessive degree of suppression that one undergoes. It aptly suggests how the life of a woman by training is confined to her body; how one's desire are manipulated and how one swings between hopes and ethics. Khurshid Akram belongs to the generation of Urdu writers which came to the fore during the 1990s. His volume of short stories, titled Ek Ghar MashrootMuafinaama contains a number of stories. The story "Coming" is one of the representative stories depicting the state of prostitute in our society. He has portrayed the realities hidden behind the lives of the marginalized women, especially the sex workers. Both the writers have tried to depict objectively the characters in the novel. There is no possibility of reading simply 'what is there' is the texts, for the texts does not have the mode of being of some of neutral object. It is always possible to show that a reading of a text that claims complete objectivity is itself an interpretation. A person reading a text is himself a part of the meaning be apprehends Indeed, Ismat Chaughtai and Khurshid Akram both have tried to analyse the stories critically. The present paper, intends to present a comparative study of Ismat Chughtai's "Lihaaf" and Khurshid Akram's "Coming", related to the writer's points of view about the status of such women as are considered subjugated in our patriarchal social setup. They often suffer from identity crisis and as a result take recourse to such aberrations as are not given social sanction.

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 Keywords

Patriarchal attitude; sexuality; exploitation; identity crisis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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With the continuous rise in global internet usage, the need for dependable and high-speed connectivity has become more critical. Although Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is commonly used, it can become expensive and often suffers from reduced speed, especially when more than two routers are connected simultaneously. Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) presents a cutting-edge solution to these issues by enabling wireless communication through visible or infrared light, based on the principle of Visible Light Communication (VLC).This study proposes a system that facilitates the transmission of different data types--such as text, audio and images--using VLC technology. The data is sent via high-intensity LED arrays at the transmitting end, while a photodiode at the receiving end detects and converts the light signals back into data. The system's effectiveness is analyzed under varying conditions, including changes in transmission distance, light intensity, and signal quality.Li-Fi technology can deliver data at rates reaching up to 500 Mbps over short ranges using LED lights, or around 10 Kbps when standard lamps are used. Experimental findings validate the system's ability to transfer data efficiently under different environmental scenarios. Moreover, the concept is extended to demonstrate its potential in indoor location-based services, revealing its wide scope of application

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 Keywords

Li-Fi, Visible Light Communication (VLC), wireless communication, LED transmission, photodiode receiver, high-speed data transfer, indoor positioning, data transmission, light intensity, transmission distance, text/audio/image transfer, Wi-Fi alternative, infrared communication

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT: This study aimed at investigating the effect of Dolomite material as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength properties of concrete. The conventional concrete is made up of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water, and the effect of aggregate in concrete properties are very important. This project attempts to study the use of dolomite Aggregate as fine aggregate replacement to crushed sand considering the increasing demand from construction industry and depleting crushed sand availability, in this regard dolomite Aggregate as fine aggregate (FA)replacement might be a sustainable option. Further dolomite Aggregate was chosen for this study, considering its local availability in abundance in the region of Guntur and its transportation within the region proves to be cost effective in comparison with crushed sand .Concrete design mix were prepared to achieve concrete grades of M30.Hence, in this research, we have proposed an eco-friendly solution by investigating the utilization of Dolomite aggregate with 0, 10, 20 and 30% as fine aggregate in concrete .Dolomite aggregate was characterized to determine its suitability as fine aggregate by determining physical and chemical properties as well as investigating its morphology at micro and macro level. Thereafter, in fresh state, the Dolomite aggregate concrete was tested for slump, shrinkage and density while in hardened state; it was tested for Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Ultrasonic pulse velocity, and Rebound Hammer at the age of 7, and 28 days. At 20% replacement of fine aggregate maximum strength shall be occurred

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 Keywords

Dolomite, Fineaggregate , compressive Strength , Tensile Strength ,Flexural Strength, Rebound Hammer,UPV

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The Real-Time Facial Recognition Electronic Voting System is an advanced solution aimed at improving the security, accuracy, and transparency of electronic voting. It leverages deep learning-powered facial recognition to identify registered voters by analyzing their unique facial characteristics. This reduces the chances of errors, such as mistaken identity, and ensures that only legitimate voters can participate. To add an extra layer of security, the system sends a one-time password (OTP) to the voter's registered mobile number after successful facial recognition. This step helps prevent unauthorized access and minimizes the risk of voter fraud. Once both facial recognition and OTP authentication are verified, the voter gains access to the voting platform, where they can securely cast their vote. Each vote is instantly recorded on a blockchain ledger, making it tamper-proof and ensuring that no one can alter or manipulate the results. Because blockchain is decentralized, it also enhances transparency, allowing voters, election officials, and auditors to verify the election outcomes independently, without relying on a single central authority. With its realtime processing, the system works efficiently with minimal delays, making it an ideal choice for large-scale elections and other real-world voting scenarios.

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 Keywords

Facial Recognition, Electronic Voting, Deep Learning, OTP Security, Blockchain, Cybersecurity, Transparent Elections.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cloud computing has emerged as a pivotal technology in modern computing, offering vast resources for computation and storage to users on-demand. However, the substantial energy consumption associated with cloud data centers poses environmental concerns and financial burdens. Addressing this challenge requires the development of energy-efficient mechanisms, particularly in task scheduling, which plays a crucial role in resource allocation and utilization. This paper presents the design and implementation of an energy-efficient task scheduling algorithm tailored for cloud computing environments. The proposed algorithm aims to minimize energy consumption while meeting performance requirements, such as task completion time and resource utilization. Leveraging dynamic voltage and frequency scaling techniques, the algorithm intelligently allocates tasks to virtual machines, considering workload characteristics, resource availability, and energy profiles. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, extensive experiments are conducted using simulation-based approaches. The results demonstrate significant reductions in energy consumption compared to traditional scheduling approaches, without compromising on performance metrics. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the algorithm's robustness under varying workload intensities and system configurations. The findings of this study underscore the potential of energy-efficient task scheduling algorithms to mitigate the environmental impact of cloud computing while enhancing cost-effectiveness for service providers and users. The proposed algorithm contributes to the ongoing efforts in green computing and sustainable IT practices, paving the way for more environmentally friendly and economically viable cloud infrastructures.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloud computing, Energy consumption, Energy-efficient, Task scheduling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition