Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

A sound body and a sound mind are man's most precious possessions. Man needs to participate in physical activities to develop his mind and body. The child first starts to move and gradually improves to run, throw, jump, climb according to its interest. So physical education is needed for each and every individual for a better growth and development. Physical fitness is the very basis of our daily life and a sick nation cannot produce healthy attitudes and economically productive capacities. Physical fitness is a universally accepted and realized terminology. Physical fitness is a capacity to meet the present and potential physical challenges of life with success. The present concept of physical fitness is not only freedom from diseases but also to gain enough strength, agility, flexibility, endurance and skills to meet the demands of daily life and to build sufficient reserve energy to with stand stress and strain. Fitness improves general health and it is essential for full and vigorous living. The physically fit child will be more alert and eager to do things. The wealth of a nation depends entirely upon the health of every citizen of the country. Hence physical fitness of school children is a major important factor to be considered. Physical fitness is an important outcome of physical education and it is physical education in the school system that is most capable of bringing it out. The physical fitness over a long span and examination of the same reflect the status of health. Physical examination assess the growth pattern and functional efficiency of sensory and motor organs, functional efficiency of the body in terms of strength, cardio respiratory endurance, flexibility speed, agility, balance and neuromuscular co-ordination. In this connection present this research paper highlighted on gender differences on anxiety, aggression and stress selected respondents of handball players

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Agility, Anxiety Aggression Child, Flexibility, Gender, Physical and Stress

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This paper focuses on investigating anew bio-based filler founded on custard apple seed powder which can be used to improve the mechanical strength of PLA filaments for the process of FDM 3D printing. The results show that seeds of the fruit hold 15.43% crude fiber and many chemical compounds useful for its bioactivity. Fine powder obtained through grinding the seeds is, therefore, compounded with the matrix of PLA in various concentrations. The optimization process of the filler preparation was based on the physical properties of the seeds, including the average particle size at 7.76 mm and sphericity at 0.59. Chemical analysis indicated the presence of phenolic compounds with a concentration of 42.02 mg GAE/100g and other bioactive components, possibly having antioxidant properties, which would enhance the stability of the polymer. The tensile strength, flexural properties, and impact resistance of the PLA composites were found to be significantly improved by the addition of custard apple seed filler. The optimized composite formulation offered superior mechanical performance while retaining the biodegradability of the material. The thermal analysis showed enhanced thermal stability in the composites, which is attributed to the complex chemical composition of the seeds. It reports on an environmentally friendly approach for the conversion of agricultural waste to the reinforcement of characteristics of a 3D printed biodegradable material.

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 Keywords

Polylactic acid (PLA); Annona squamosa; Bio-based fillers; 3D printing filaments; Natural fiber composites; Mechanical properties; Sustainable additives; Biodegradable polymers; Fused deposition modeling (FDM).

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Adolescence represents a critical period of psychosocial development, wherein individuals navigate complex emotional, cognitive, and social transformations. In India, the rural-urban divide presents distinct ecological contexts that influence adolescents' mental health and adaptive functioning. This study examines six key psychosocial variables--stress, emotional intelligence, personality, academic achievement, resilience, and psychological well-being--through the lens of the socio-ecological model, emphasizing how cultural, structural, and environmental conditions shape adolescent development. Drawing from recent empirical research conducted across diverse Indian states between 2021 and 2024, the study identifies contrasting patterns: urban adolescents often report higher academic stress, greater emotional self-awareness, and stronger digital access, whereas rural adolescents display greater relational resilience, familial cohesion, and community integration. These differences highlight the interplay between context and development, underscoring the need for regionally tailored psychosocial interventions. The findings advocate for inclusive national education and mental health policies that consider India's diverse adolescent population, aiming to enhance well-being, emotional competence, and academic outcomes across both rural and urban landscapes.

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 Keywords

Adolescents; Psychosocial Development; Rural-Urban Comparison; Stress; Emotional Intelligence; Resilience; Well-Being; Academic Achievement; Personality; India; Socio-Ecological Model

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bhaarateey Saanskrtik Sangeet Parampara mein Varnit Naadasaadhana ka Saadhanaatmak Vivechan

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Bhaarateey Saanskrtik Sangeet Parampara mein Varnit Naadasaadhana ka Saadhanaatmak Vivechan

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The Communicative Approach to English Language Teaching (ELT) is a methodology that emphasizes real-life communication and interaction as the primary goals of language learning. It was developed in the 1970s as a response to traditional grammar-focused teaching methods, which were often criticized for failing to produce fluent and confident speakers.

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The Communicative Approach to English Language Teaching (ELT) is a methodology that emphasizes real-life communication and interaction as the primary goals of language learning. It was developed in the 1970s as a response to traditional grammar-focused teaching methods, which were often criticized for failing to produce fluent and confident speakers.

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The concept of Swadeshi, profoundly embedded in the Indian independence movement, symbolizes a significant manifestation of economic nationalism. Emerging significantly during the 1905 anti-partition movement in Bengal, Swadeshi sought to foster local industry, reject foreign products, and emphasize economic independence against British colonial oppression. This article examines the conceptual basis of Swadeshi within the larger context of economic nationalism, referencing Indian nationalist intellectuals such as Dadabhai Naoroji, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Mahadev Govind Ranade, and M.K. Gandhi. It similarly interacts with worldwide theories of nationalism from theorists like Ernest Gellner and Eric Hobsbawm to contextualize the Indian narrative. By analysing Congress resolutions, economic critiques, and indigenous movements, this study contends that Swadeshi represented not just a reactive effort but a proactive vision of economic independence and national rejuvenation.

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Swadeshi, Economic, Congress, British, Colonial, Nationalist, Resolution, Gandhi, Khadi

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Abstract: The perspectives of postgraduate students regarding learning techniques at a few chosen colleges in Kolkata are examined in this study. It investigates experiences with both online and offline education using a mixed-methods approach. Important facets of accessibility, communication, and participation are highlighted by data gathered from surveys and interviews. The results provide insightful information on how students prefer to learn and give guidance for developing future teaching methods in light of changing higher education settings.

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Postgraduate Students, Online and Offline Learning, Learning Mode Preferences, Higher Education in Kolkata, Mixed-Methods Research

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The increasing demand for multifunctional skincare products has driven the development of innovative formulations that address multiple skin concerns. This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a face mist incorporating both anti-acne and anti-wrinkle properties. The mist was developed using a synergistic combination of herbal extracts, such as tea tree oil and lemongrass extract, known for their antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, along with Neem and liquorice extract to enhance skin hydration and reduce fine lines. The formulation was designed to be lightweight, non-comedogenic, and suitable for daily use. Physicochemical properties such as pH, and spray pattern were optimized for stability and ease of application. In vitro and in vivo assessments demonstrated promising results in reducing acne lesions and improving skin elasticity. The final product presents a convenient, effective skincare solution that supports clear and youthful skin, representing a novel contribution to the cosmeceutical market. The formulation process involved the extraction of bioactive compounds from neem leaves, liquorice and lemongrass using an optimized hydroalcoholic extraction method to ensure the retention of key phytochemicals like nimbin, nimbidin, azadirachtin, quercetin ,liquiritin, glabridin, glycyrrhizin, citral , limonene and geraniol, . These compounds are known to possess potent antimicrobial and soothing properties beneficial for facial skin. The extract was then incorporated into a water-based mist formulation containing natural solvents, emulsifiers, preservatives (like Geogard ECT), and optional skin-conditioning agents such as glycerin for enhanced user comfort and skin hydration. The prepared face mist was subjected to preliminary physicochemical evaluations, including pH stability, viscosity, microbial load testing, and organoleptic properties (color, odor, clarity). In vitro antimicrobial activity was assessed against common acne-causing bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes, revealing promising inhibitory effects. Patch testing on volunteers showed no signs of irritation or adverse reactions, supporting its suitability for topical use.

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Formulation and Development of Polyherbal Face Mist

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Molecular logic gates, PET, ZnO nanoparticles, imine receptor, AND gate, fluorescence, chemical sensors.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition