Volume 9 | Issue 8 |

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BHARAT ME MAHILAYE

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BHARAT ME MAHILAYE

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Delivery through skin is still difficult to many drug molecules because of its molecular size, weight, its solubility which also affects drug penetrability, diffusion and its bioavailability. Skin is also act as barrier to the molecules. Past few decades, various successful techniques and devices have emerged to optimize drug delivery across skin. Ethosome is one of these techniques which have been recently emerged as great advantage for drug moieties. Ethosomes are ethanolic phospholipid vesicles and modified form of liposomes mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Although ethosomes are conceptually sophisticated, they are characterized by simplicity in their formulation, safety, and efficacy. Ethosomes are soft vesicles prepared for enhanced delivery of active agents. Ethosomes have higher penetrability rate through the skin as compare to other nanoparticles. This increased permeability is because of ethanolic content as ethanol itself act as penetration enhancer gives synergistic effect. Ethanol enhances the cell membrane lipid fluidity results in increased skin penetrability of the ethosomes. These ethosomes permeates through the skin and fuse with cell membrane lipids and releases the drug. Cold and hot are the main methods used for formulation of ethosomes. Evaluation parameters include vesicle size, shape, drug content, zeta potential, stability etc. The following article reviews in detail about ethosomes mechanism, methods of preparation, evaluation parameter, application and future of ethosomes in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical industry. Improved delivery of drug molecules through the skin and cellular membranes by ethosomal carrier opens numerous challenges and opportunities for the research and future development of novel improved therapies.

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Ethosomes, penetration enhancer, phospholipid, transferosomes

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B.ED. PRASHIKSHANARTHIYO KI PARYAVARAN SHIKSHA ME UPALABDHI KE SANDARBH ME

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B.ED. PRASHIKSHANARTHIYO KI PARYAVARAN SHIKSHA ME UPALABDHI KE SANDARBH ME

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Hair combs, Microbial contamination, disinfectant, percentage inhibition.

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Retrospection system, Collaborative filtering technique, KNN approach, Memory-based system, Model-based system, Item-based collaborative approach, User-based collaborative approach, Gradient Descent, Rating-Matrix method

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Coronavirus disease (Covid-19), coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2; prediction, machine learning, health informatics, Deep learning, [03] time-series data, Huge data, Coronavirus disease

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The present study was designed with the main aim of detection of variations of somaclones in the banana cv. Grand Naine (AAA) using sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular marker technique. Matured leaves that are free from damage caused by pests or disease were collected in brown covers from different field places Karnataka state. Isolation of genomic DNA was carried out by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. The integrity and purity of DNA and visualization of amplified products was done by electrophoresis and quantified. PCR amplification of DNA from banana somaclones using SRAP markers were carried out using Taq DNA polymerase and short stretch of oligonucleotides (primers), which are specific to the DNA to be amplified. Then the SRAP, markers are used to assess the genetic variation in somaclonal variants of banana cv. Grand Naine (AAA). The amplified products of SRAP markers were separated using agarose gel electrophoresis technique. out of 44 primers combination used, only 8 combinations showed polymorphism. The 8 primer combinations showed very good intense polymorphic bands. SRAP primer combinations EM3+ME3, EM2+ME6, EM5+ME5, EM7+ME7 showed clear polymorphism. In conclusion, overall 19.4% polymorphism between dwarf off type and the normal banana cv. Grand Naine (AAA) plants was obtained.

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SRAP, banana cv., Grand Naine (AAA), Polymorphism, Molecular markers.

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Air pollution is one of the major environmental problems. It can cause serious health consequences such as cancer, heart disease and high mortality rates. The people of Rajasthan contribute significantly to air pollution in urban and rural areas or areas. The first largest state in India, Rajasthan, the subject of this concept, is one of the most polluted areas in the country. Severe air pollution of concern particles and high hydrocarbons. The height of the Rajasthan industry is a major source of air pollution compared to the rest of India. This project provides an analysis of the practice of fixed respiratory tract (PM10) and fixed particle matter (PM2.5) throughout the city of Rajasthan, India. Filtering of air particles compares with national standards for air quality of last year's data. Prices for PM10 and PM2.5 were lower during the rainy season compared to the summer winter. The ARIMA Season Model (SARIMA) time analysis is used for air analysis and pollution forecasting. The data collection for PM10 and PM2.5 is well integrated. Cross-model validation was performed using residual analysis. The remainder of the difference between the observed value and the predicted number of PM10 is not significant at that time in few years. In this project data collection and data analysis should be done on the basis of the Indian standard.

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PM2.5, PM10, ARIMA, Air pollution

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Present paper examines the rainfall profile of Rajasthan. This largest Indian state is known for extreme temperatures, water scarcity, scanty rains and frequent droughts. It is feared that any significant change in temperature and rainfall properties of the state can aggravate its climatic harshness, and thus, can adversely impact the physical, as well as economic landscapes. The analysis reveals that most of the districts in the state have witnessed a significant warming during last century. The districts of Sikar and Dausa, on the other hand, have recorded a cooling trend. Interestingly, the warming is more prominent in the western part of the state as compared to its eastern part. As for as rainfall is concerned, it has recorded an increase for most of districts, however, the districts lying near Tropic of Cancer have become drier. Drinking Water Security has become a challenge for the Rajasthan, specifically in urban areas. An attempt has been made to assess the status of urban water supply in the state of Rajasthan. The evaluation clearly shows that there is a lot of disparity in the water supply in the cities of Rajasthan. The main reason for this is the depleting groundwater level, erratic and low rainfall and lack of water storage resources. At present, this crisis is increasing due to rapid increase in population, in recent time climate change has aggravated the problem more and depleting water resources. One of the main reasons for this is that the people of Rajasthan are completely dependent on government schemes by abandoning traditional water sources. This shows that education is increasing in Rajasthan, but awareness about water conservation is decreasing. The Rajasthan government has made many changes in many policies and policy making related to water, one of them is drinking water supply. There is always a huge gap between policy and implementation. To improve this, the main task is to change the attitude of the public towards the use of water and emphasize on water conservation.

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Rainfall, Urban Water Supply, LPCD, Divisions

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LOCALITIES IMPACT ON THE CORBETT NATIONAL PARK 1 R. K. Singh and 2 Pravesh Kumar Sehgal 1 R. K. Singh, Associate professor, Department of Zoology Govt. (P.G.) College, Ranikhet , Almora, Uttarakhand. Email = rksinghrdr@gmail.com 2 Pravesh Kumar Sehgal, Associate professor, Department of Zoology, School of Science, Behind Transport Nager, Haldwani 263139, Nainital, Uttarakhand. Email = pksehgal@uou.ac.in ABSTRACT This study is based on the first national park of India, Corbett National Park, Ramnagar. Corbett national park is rich in floral and faunal biodiversity. This study highlights how the human activities are resulting in various problems to the national park. The prime objective of this study is to investigate the human activities in neighboring areas of the Corbett national park. Corbett National Park is facing myriad challenges like elevation on the dependence of local people on the park and their dangerous activity, like fire burning in the park. These activities are affecting the park environment severely. By good education, stick rule, awareness and providing job to the local community this pressure may be minimized in the Corbett National Park. Key Words- Corbett National Park, Local community, Tourists, Conservation, Biodiversity

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Key Words- Corbett National Park, Local community, Tourists, Conservation, Biodiversity

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